Cardiopulmonary PT: COPD

Question 1

General describe COPD

Answer 1

• results in air trapping in the lungs
• difficulty with expiration
• causes hyperinflation and barrel chest deformity

Question 2

what is Asthma

Answer 2

• chronic disease characterized by reversible airway aobstruction relataed to inflammation
• type of COPD

Question 3

risk factors for asthma

Answer 3

• childhood asthma
• family history
• materal smoking
• occupational exposure
• environemental exposure
• second hand smoke
• femles

Question 4

Classification of asthma: mild

Answer 4

• symptoms twice per week
• exacerbation with exertion
• peak exiratory flow: 20-30% predicted
• FEV1: 70-90% predicted

Question 5

Classification of asthma: moderate

Answer 5

• symptoms once per day
• peak expiratory flow: wide variation >30%
• FEV1: 60-80% predicted

Question 6

Classifications of asthma: severe

Answer 6

• symptoms: significant in tolerance to exertion
• peak expiratory flow: >30% predicted
• FEV1: < 60% predicted

Question 7

Symptoms of asthma

Answer 7

• wheezing
• dyspnea
• chest pain
• facial distress
• non-productive cough

Question 8

treatment

asthma

Answer 8

• prevention: stop smoking and limit second hand smoke/anual flu shot
• bronchodilators
• routine exercise

Question 9

What is emphysema

Answer 9

• a condition w/ permanent, abnormal enlargement of the alveoli
• type of COPD

Question 10

risk factors for emphysema

Answer 10

• smoking
• genetic link

Question 11

Emphysema: signs and symptoms

Answer 11

• dyspnea on exertion
• diminished breath sounds
• high pitched wheezing
• barrel chest deformity
• hyptrophy of accessorry respiratory muscles
• hyerresonance upon mediate precussion
• hypoxia/hypercapnia

Question 12

Treatment for emphysema

Answer 12

• cessation of smokking
• bronchodilators
• long-term oxygen therapy
• bullecomy: removal of pulmonary vasculature/airway resistance/lage airway space
• lung transplant

Question 13

what is chronic bronchitis

Answer 13

• persistance cough w/ sputum for >3 months/year for at least 2 years in the absence of another medial cause
• type of COPD

Question 14

Risk factors for chronic bronchitis

Answer 14

• chronic smoking
• age
• exposure to Pollutants

Question 15

Signs and symptoms of chonic bronchitis

Answer 15

• SOB
• productive cough
• hypoxia/hypercapnia

Question 16

treatment for chronic bronchitis

Answer 16

• antibiotics (acute)
• Beta-agonits
• long acting bronchodilators
• inhaled corticosteriods

Question 17

What are septic obstructive airway disease

Answer 17

• under the COPD umbrella but have purulent sputums and higher incidence of lung infections

Question 18

cystic fibrosis

Answer 18

• genetic disorder that leads to production of thick, dehydrated, hyperviscous mucuse
• results in permanent dilation of bronchi
• type of septic obstructive airway disease

Question 19

signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 19

• chronic productive cough
• dyspnea
• accessory muscle use
• inspritatory crackles
• wheezing
• digitial clubbing

Question 20

treatment for cystic fibrosis

Answer 20

• antibiotic/antifungal
• human alpha-1 antitrypsin (new)
• doublt lung transplant

Question 21

Bronchiectasis

Answer 21

• pemanent dilation of brronchi from destruction of muscular and elastic properties of the lung
• ususally associated with underlying pulmonary disease
• type of septic obstructive airway disease