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cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Bp= SVxHR x PR

A

blood pressure

also BP= CO x Pr

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2
Q

Anti-hypertensives:

A

Diuretics
Vasodialotrs
Calcium Channel Blockers
ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor blocker

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3
Q

What is a diurectic?

A

decrease renal absorption (into tubule) of sodium that results in net fluid loss and reduction in BP

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4
Q

Which Diuretic results in hypokalemia by loss of K+ in urine?

A

Thiazide

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5
Q

What diuretic causes hyperkalemia through retnetion of K+ in blood stream?

A

Hyperkalemia

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6
Q

What is the MOA for a vasodialtor?

A

open K + channels to cause Vasodialtion

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7
Q

What is a calcium Channel Blocker

A

block Ca influx to cause vasodialtion

-mils
-zems
-dipines

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8
Q

What all cause gingival hyperplasia

A

verapimil
diltiazem
amlodipine
nifedipine

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9
Q

How does ACE inhibitors work?

A

block the enzyme that converts angiotensin I into angiotenisin II

ANGIO II is a potent vasoconstrictor

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10
Q

What are the suffixes of ACE inhibitors

A

-prils

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11
Q

WHat is an ANGI II blocker

A

competative antagonist at the angiotensin II receptor again blocking a potent vasoconstrictor

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12
Q

What is an antianginal?

A

help with preventing insufficient o2 to the heart

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13
Q

what does MONA stand for?

A

morphine
oxygen
nitroglicerin
aspirin

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14
Q

what is the function of cardiac glycosides?

A

to block the na/k atpase in INCREASE CALCIUM INFLUX and promote positive inotrophy in cardiac muscle cells only

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15
Q

What are two examples of cardiac glycosides?

A

Digoxin
and
Digitalis

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16
Q

What is the role of ACE inhibitors in CHF

A

blocks the enzyme that converts ang I into ang II and preventing teh ang II to being a ptoten vasodialtor

17
Q

What the function of anti-arrythmics?

A

to establish regular heart beat

18
Q

what is a type i anti-arr

A

NA+ channel blockers for cardiac muscle onlu

19
Q

what does A1 do for NA channel blockers

A

lenghtens the refractory period to slow heartbeat

20
Q

What does the 1 B do?

A

shortens the refractory

21
Q

what does type 2 anti arr do?

A

beta blockers

22
Q

what is a type 3 anti arr

A

k+ channel blocekr s

23
Q

what is a type 4 anti-arr

A

ca2+ channel blockers

24
Q

Which anti arr treat afib? `

A

quinidine
verapamil
digitalis

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