Cardiovascular

Question 1

Ejection prob - inc volume

Answer 1

Systolic HF

Question 2

Filling prob - inc pressure

Answer 2

Diastolic HF

Question 3

Systolic HF is related to which type of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 3

Dilated

Question 4

Diastolic HF is related to which type of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 4

Hypertrophic

Question 5

1st line HTN meds

Answer 5

ACEI/ARB
Thiazide diuretic (HCTZ)
Black: CCB

Question 6

Boot shaped heart

Answer 6

TOF

Question 7

4 things that make up TOF

Answer 7

Pulmonary stenosis
RVH
Overriding aorta
VSD

Question 8

Wide fixed S2

Non-cyanotic

Answer 8

ASD

Question 9

Most common congenital defect

Answer 9

VSD

Question 10

Continuous machinery murmur

Answer 10

PDA

Question 11

Arms have different BPs

Answer 11

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 12

Crescendo-decrescendo, 2 RICS, systolic

Answer 12

Aortic stenosis

Question 13

High pitched blowing, 2-4 LICS, diastolic

Answer 13

Aortic regurg

Question 14

Opening snap, low pitched rumble, apex, diastolic

Answer 14

Mitral stenosis

Question 15

Blowing holosystolic, apex

Answer 15

Mitral regurg

Question 16

Murmur associated w/ rheumatic dz

Answer 16

Mitral stenosis

Question 17

Mid-systolic click, apex

Answer 17

MVP

Question 18

Most murmurs (increase/decrease) with increased preload

Answer 18

Increase

Question 19

The 2 murmurs that decrease with increased preload

Answer 19

MVP, HOCM

Question 20

(+) ST elevation, (+) troponin

Answer 20

STEMI

Question 21

(-) ST elevation, (+) troponin

Answer 21

NSTEMI

Question 22

(-) ST elevation, (-) troponin w/ chest pain and HEART score

Answer 22

Unstable angina

Question 23

7 meds to use for acute CAD (STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina)

Answer 23

MONA
BB
Plavix
Heparin

Question 24

Tachy, irregularly irregular, no P waves

Answer 24

A. fib

Question 25

Saw tooth pattern, tachy

Answer 25

A. flutter

Question 26

Narrow complex tachy

Answer 26

SVT

Question 27

Wide complex tachy

Answer 27

V. tach

Question 28

Tx to close PDA

Answer 28

Indomethacin

Question 29

No effective ventricular pumping

Answer 29

V. fib

Question 30

Many different P wave morphology

Answer 30

MAT

Question 31

Wide QRS and RSR' in V1

Answer 31

RBBB

Question 32

Wide negative QRS in V1

Answer 32

LBBB

Question 33

Heart block w/ long PR

Answer 33

1st degree

Question 34

Heart block w/ lengthening PR intervals then dropped QRS

Answer 34

Mobitz I (Wenckebach)

Question 35

Heart block w/ randomly dropped QRS

Answer 35

Mobitz II

Question 36

Heart block w/ no relationship bt P and QRS

Answer 36

3rd degree

Question 37

``` Osler nodes (painful lesions on fingers/toes) Janeway lesions (painless lesions on palms/soles) Roth spots (exudate in retina) Palate petechiae, splinter hemorrhages ```

Answer 37

Endocarditis

Question 38

Occurs after viral illness | HF sx

Answer 38

Myocarditis

Question 39

CP relieved by leaning forward

Answer 39

Pericarditis

Question 40

Tx for pericarditis

Answer 40

Steroids, NSAIDs

Question 41

Pericardial knock

Answer 41

Constrictive pericarditis

Question 42

Inflammation of heart, blood vessels, and joints | Post-strep infxn

Answer 42

Rheumatic fever

Question 43

Aortic dissection DeBakey type 1, 2, 3 and tx

Answer 43

1: ascending/descending (surg) 2: only ascending (surg) 3: only descending (meds, control BP)

Question 44

Aortic dissection Stanford A and B and tx

Answer 44

A: ascending aorta - surg B: beyond brachiocephalic (descending) - meds, control BP

Question 45

Severe pain, hypoTN, pulsatile mass

Answer 45

AAA

Question 46

6 P’s - pain, pallor, pulseless, paresthesia, poikilothermia, paralysis

Answer 46

PAD

Question 47

ABI score to diagnose PAD

Answer 47

ABI <0.9 = PAD

Question 48

Homan’s sign: pain in calf w/ dorsiflexion

Answer 48

DVT

Question 49

Shiny atrophic skin, ulcers

Answer 49

Chronic venous insufficiency

Question 50

Coronary artery spasm, may wake pt from sleep

Answer 50

Prinzmetal angina

Question 51

Tx for Prinzmetal angina

Answer 51

CCB, nitrates