Cardiovascular diseases Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is coronary heart disease
When the coronary artery that supply the blood to the muscle of the heart get blocked by layers of fatty materials building up the arteries become narrow so blood flow is restricted and lack of oxygen gets to the muscles lead to heart attack
What is cardiovascular disease
Diseases of the heart or blood vessels
What are stents
Tubes that are inserted inside arteries
What do stents do
They keep open the arteries making sure blood can pass through to the heart muscles to keep the persons heart beating
Advantages of stents
Lower risk of heart attack in people with coronary heart disease
Effective
Used for long time
Quick recovery time
Disadvantage of stents
Risks of complications in surgery
Risk of infection
Risk of patient developing blood clotting
What is the job of a statins
Reduce cholesterol in blood
What is LDL
A cholesterol sometimes called bad cholesterol makes up most of body cholesterol when there is to much it forms plaque
What is HDL
cholesterol sometimes called good cholesterol absorbs cholesterol in the blood and carry’s back to the liver
What foods do we get cholesterol from
Egg yolk cheese
What is cholesterol
An essential lipid that your body produces and needs to function properly
What are statins
A drug that reduces the amount of bad LDL cholesterol present in bloodstream. This slows down the rate of fatty deposits forming
Advantages of a statin
Reduces risk of stroke coronary heart disease and heart attack
Increase amount of benificial type of cholesterol
May also help prevent some other diseases
Disadvantages if statin
Long term drug must be tacked regularly
Negative side affects like headaches some can be serious kidney failure liver damage memory loss
Effect isn’t instant takes time
What will doctors do if someone has heart failure
Try and give them a heart transplant if there is a heart available
If someone has heart failure and a heart isn’t available what do doctors get
An artificial heart
What are artificial hearts
Mechanical devises that pump blood for a persons whose heart has failed
What are advantages for an artificial heart
Less likely to be rejected made of metal and plastic so body doesn’t attack them
What are the disadvantages for an artificial heart
Surgery to fit
Can lead to bleeding and infection
Don’t work as well as normal one
Parts could wear out or could fail
Not as smooth boood flow cause blood clotting and lead to strokes
Patient has to take drugs to thin blood this can cause bleeding if hurt in an accident
What can valves be damaged by
Heart attack infection old age
What can damage to a valve cause
The valve tissue to stiffen so it won’t open properly
It may become leaky blood flowing in both directions
Not as effective as normal
What can you do if a valve is damaged
Replace it with a valve tacked from animal human or a mechanically made one
If someone looses a lot of blood in an accident what can it be replaced with
Artificial blood
What is a communicable disease
Diseases that can spread from person to person or from animal to person
