Cardiovascular Disorders Flashcards Preview

My Pathology > Cardiovascular Disorders > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardiovascular Disorders Deck (11)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Ventricular septal defect

A
  • Early L-to-R shunt
  • LV dilation and CHF
  • Increased pulmonary vascular resistance may cause R-to-L shunt —> late cyanosis, RVH, R side failure
2
Q

Atrial septal defect

A
  • Ostium secundum defect most common; L-to-R shunt may cause R side enlargement
  • Later in life: R-to-L shunt w/ cyanosis, clubbing, atrial arrhythmia, pulmonary HTN, RVH, failure, paradoxical emboli
3
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A
  • Aorta —> pulmonary artery
  • Common in rubella, Down syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome
  • LVH, failure, pulmonary HTN
4
Q

Persistent truncus arteriosis

A
  • Common trunk of aorta, pulmonary arteries, coronary arteries
  • Always overrides VSD
  • Often causes early death
  • Otherwise, pulmonary vascular changes cause cyanosis, clubbing, polycythemia
5
Q

Hypoplastic L heart syndrome

A
  • All cardiac output from R heart thru patent ductus arteriosus
  • Infants are well initially but die w/in first month
6
Q

Anomalous pulmonary vein drainage

A
  • Pulmonary veins drain into caval vein

* No venous return to L heart, requires ASD or patent foramen ovale

7
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A
  • Pulmonary stenosis, VSD, dextroposed aorta (overrides VSD), RVH
  • Boot-shaped heart
  • Slow physical development, DOE, cerebral thromboses from polycythemia
8
Q

Transposition of the great arteries

A
  • Aorta and pulmonary artery from opposite ventricles
  • More common in diabetic mothers
  • Some communication via ASD, VSD, or patent ductus arteriosus
9
Q

Coarctation of the aorta

A
  • Narrowing of aorta below L subclavian
  • BP differential b/w upper and lower extremities w/ LVH
  • Lightheadedness, HA, epistaxis, rupture of berry aneurysms
  • Weakness, cold, pallor of BLE
  • Notched ribs
  • Death before age 40
10
Q

Nonbacterial thrombotic/marantic endocarditis

A
  • Associated with wasting diseases
  • Sterile vegetations on mitral or aortic valve
  • May be associated with distant thrombi
11
Q

Carcinoid heart disease

A
  • Associated with carcinoid tumors (usu. small intestine)
  • Dense, gray, fibrous plaques on tricuspid and pulmonic valves
  • Tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary stenosis