Cardiovascular Drugs

Question 1

The Circulatory System

Answer 1

The system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body.

Question 2

2 primary functions of The circulatory system

Answer 2

1:delivery of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and other essentials to cells and
2: removal of carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from cells. In addition, the system helps fight infection.

Question 3

The heart

Answer 3

-Is the pump that moves blood through the arterial tree.

Question 4

Arteries

Answer 4

-Transport blood under high pressure to tissues.

Question 5

Arterioles

Answer 5

-Control valves that regulate local blood flow.

Question 5

Arterioles

Answer 5

-Control valves that regulate local blood flow.

Question 6

Capillaries

Answer 6

-Sites for exchange of fluid, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and wastes.

Question 7

Venules

Answer 7

-Collect blood from the capillaries.

Question 8

Veins

Answer 8

-Transport blood back to the heart. In addition, veins serve as a major reservoir for blood.

Question 9

Determinants of Cardiac Output

Answer 9

-Heart rate
-Stroke volume
-Preload
-Afterload

Question 10

Heart rate

Answer 10

-Controlled by the ANS

Question 11

Stroke volume

Answer 11

-Determined by 1) myocardial contractility (force with which the ventricles contract),2) cardiac afterload, 3) cardiac preload

Question 12

Preload

Answer 12

-Amount of tension (stretch) applied to a muscle before contraction = force of venous return

Question 13

Afterload

Answer 13

-Load against which a muscle exerts its force = arterial pressure that the left ventricle overcomes to eject blood

Question 14

Hypertension

Answer 14

-A persistent systolic pressure of greater than 140mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure of greater than 90mmHg

Question 15

Blood Pressure

Answer 15

-The product of cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance

Question 16

Cardiac output

Answer 16

-Amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle and measured in Lpm

Question 17

SVR (systemic vascular resistance )

Answer 17

-Resistance to blood flow that is determined by the diameter of the blood vessels and vascular musculature

Question 18

Goal of Antihypertensive Therapy

Answer 18

-Reduction of cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality
-achieve a blood pressure of less than 140/90mmHg and for patients with hypertension and diabetes, less than 130/90mmHg

Question 19

Diuretics

Answer 19

-Drugs that accelerate the rate of urine formation that results to the removal of sodium and water from the body