Cardiovascular Health

Question 1

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 1

It’s the narrowing of the arteries resulting from plaque build up inside the artery wall.

Question 2

What is plaque?

Answer 2

Plaque is patches of cholesterol, calcium and fat deposits that stick to the interior walls of arteries.

Question 3

What happens as arteries narrow?

Answer 3

Blood pressure increases.

Question 4

What happens if there’s a plaque blockage in a coronary artery?

Answer 4

The heart will become deprived of oxygen/nutrients.

Question 5

What’s angina?

Answer 5

Angina is chest pains caused by mild coronary artery blockages.

Question 6

What is anginoplasty?

Answer 6

A small metal mesh tube is inserted into the artery, where it’s then expanded to prevent the artery from closing up.

Question 7

What’s atherosclerosis?

Answer 7

The narrowing of the arteries resulting from plaque build up inside the artery wall.

Question 8

What’s plaque?

Answer 8

Patches of cholesterol, calcium and fat deposits that stick to the interior walls of arteries.

Question 9

What happens are the artery narrows?

Answer 9

Blood pressure increases.

Question 10

What happens if there’s a blockage in the coronary artery?

Answer 10

The heart will become deprived of oxygen/nutrients.

Question 11

What’s angina?

Answer 11

Chest paints caused by mild coronary artery blockages.

Question 12

What’s angioplasty?

Answer 12

A small metal mesh tube is inserted into the artery, where it then expands to prevent the artery from closing up.

Question 13

What’s arteriosclerosis?

Answer 13

It occurs when plaque hardens on artery walls, causes a loss of elasticity which makes blood pressure increase.

Question 14

What does arteriosclerosis increase the chance of?

Answer 14

Blood clot formation.

Question 15

What’s the treatment for arteriosclerosis?

Answer 15

A Bypass surgery, where a vein is taken from another part of the body and used to make a “detour” around the plaque blockage.

Question 16

What’s cholesterol?

Answer 16

A type of fat, part of cell membranes and used to make hormones, bile and vitamin D.

Question 17

What’s cholesterol made by?

Answer 17

The liver

Question 18

What’s the good type of cholesterol?

Answer 18

High density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 19

What does HDL do?

Answer 19

Helps remove excess cholesterol from arteries.

Question 20

What’s the bad kind of cholesterol?

Answer 20

Low density lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 21

What’s LDL do?

Answer 21

It becomes part of the plaque

Question 22

What’s LDL found in?

Answer 22

Foods that are high in saturated/trans fats.

Question 23

What’s a heart attack?

Answer 23

When blood supply to the heart is slowed or stopped. The heart continues to beat.

Question 24

What’s a heart attack commonly caused by?

Answer 24

Commonly due to atherosclerosis.

Question 25

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

Answer 25

Pain in chest and upper body, shortness of breath, nausea.

Question 26

What does quick treatment of heart attacks cause?

Answer 26

Prevents some of the heart muscles from dying and being replaced by scar tissue.

Question 27

What’s cardiac arrest?

Answer 27

When the heart suddenly stops functioning.

Question 28

What’s cardiac arrest caused by?

Answer 28

Drowning, electrocution, trauma or choking

Question 29

What’s cardiac arrest typically caused by?

Answer 29

Cause is coronary heart disease.

Question 30

What’s coronary heart disease?

Answer 30

When coronary arteries become blocked, heart beat becomes irregular, cardiac defibrillator must be used immediately as death can occur within minutes.

Question 31

What’s arrhythmia?

Answer 31

Irregular heart beat due to electrical problems.

Question 32

What’s a possible treatment option for arrhythmia?

Answer 32

A Pacemaker.

Question 33

What’s An aneurysm?

Answer 33

A buldge in the wall of an artery.

Question 34

What’s an aneurysm caused by?

Answer 34

Injuries, genetic conditions, or disease.

Question 35

What can a bulge in the wall of an artery cause?

Answer 35

Internal bleeding.

Question 36

What are aneurysms usually found in and how are they detected?

Answer 36

Can occur in any artery but most often the aorta, detected using an MRI.

Question 37

What’s hypertension?

Answer 37

When your blood pressures more than 140/80 for extended periods of time.

Question 38

What’s the average blood pressure?

Answer 38

120/80

Question 39

What’s the process of hypertension?

Answer 39

Heart must work harder - muscles enlarge - becomes weakened - loses function.

Question 40

What does increased pressure in the arteries cause?

Answer 40

Tears and speeds up atherosclerosis.

Question 41

What’s the causes of hypertension? (11)

Answer 41

Smoking, excessive alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, sleep apnea, stress, diabetes, kidney disease, age, family history.

Question 42

What does hypertension increase the risk of? (7)

Answer 42

Stroke, heart attack, heart failure, dementia, kidney disease, eye problems, erectile dysfunction.

Question 43

What Are 7 ways to prevent hypertension?

Answer 43

-Be physically active -Eat healthy -Maintain a healthy weight -Avoid smoking -Watch your salt intake -Manage your stress -Limit alcohol

Question 44

What’s a stroke?

Answer 44

A blood clot in an artery of the brain.

Question 45

What are the effects of a stroke?

Answer 45

Partial paralysis, loss of speech, memory loss, death

Question 46

What do the effects of a stroke depend on?

Answer 46

Which part of the brain was deprived of O2

Question 47

What does FAST stand for?

Answer 47

F: Face drooping A: Arm weakness S: Speech difficulty T: Time to call 911

Question 48

How to decrease your risk of a stroke (5)

Answer 48

-Eat healthy -Exercise -Maintain a healthy body weight -Avoid smoking -Regular check-ups