How Does The Immune Response Work? Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the innate immune response?
Something you’re born with, can cause inflammation and increase body temperature to kill bacteria.
What is acquired immune response?
It’s built up over time and is very specific.
What do injured cells release?
Histamines
What are histamines?
Distress signals.
What is vasodilation triggered by and what does it do?
It’s triggered by histamines and it enlarges the blood vessels.
What does increased blood flow equal?
It equals swelling and heat. It’s also possible to cause a fever.
What’s the first to respond in the body?
Neutrophils
What’s a type of neutrophils and what does it do?
Phagocytosis is a type of neutrophils and it “eats” the cells.
What are Monocytes?
They’re the clean up crew.
What do Monocytes do? (3)
They destroy pathogens, destroy dead neutrophils, and destroy infected body cells.
What do monocytes and neutrophils end up creating?
They create pus due to the neutrophils killing bacteria and the monocytes cleaning it up.
What do Monocytes incorporate into their membrane?
They incorporate fragments of pathogens into their membrane.
What do the Monocytes “trophies” (dead pathogens) do?
They’re recognized by Th-cells and cause Th-cells to differentiate.
What are the 3 things Th-cells differentiate into?
A) More Th-cells
B) Activate B-cells
C) Turn to cytotoxic T-cells (Tc-cells)
What do cytotoxic T-cells do? (Tc-cells).
They attack infected body cells.
What do activated B-cells become?
They either become plasma B-cells or memory B-cells
What do plasma B-cells do?
Make antibodies.
What do memory B-cells do?
Remember how to make antibodies.
What’s the analogy for pathogens?
They’re the bad guys
What’s the analogy for Neutrophils?
They’re the 1st responders.
What’s the analogy for monocytes?
Clean up crew.
