Cardiovascular, Part 3 Flashcards
What are the two formulas for CO?
CO = HR x SV
Arterial Pressure/total systemic resistance
What is preload?
Amount of stretch on myocardial fibers at end of diastole (volume)
Starling Curve states what?
An increase in stretch of the heart increases contractility (up to a point).
What is afterload?
The force required to open the aortic valve (resistance).
What is the hemodynamic value that equates to afterload?
Diastolic BP
What is the Pa02?
Oxygen dissolved, free floating in plasma
What is the Sa02?
Hemoglobin saturated with oxygen.
What is the MV02?
General estimate of CO. High = hyperdynamic. Low = low cardiac output.
What is the CVP an estimate of?
R heart preload
What is the wedge an estimate of?
L heart preload
What EF is considered mild systolic dysfunction?
40-50%
What EF is considered moderate systolic dysfunction?
30-40%
What EF is considered severe systolic dysfunction?
<30%
What type of cardiomyopathy is associated with systolic heart failure?
Dilated.
What type of cardiomyopathy is associated with diastolic heart failure?
Hypertrophic.
What does the EF do in systolic heart failure?
Reduced.
HFrEF
What does the EF do in diastolic heart failure?
Stay the same.
HFpEF
What is the definition of heart failure?
Inability to meet the demands of the body
What are the AHA stages a measure of?
Degree of structural disease. Stage A-D. Once you advance, never go back.
What are the NYHA classifications a measure of?
Current symptoms. Can change. Class I-IV
What diseases causes high cardiac output heart failure?
Anemia, hyperthyroidism, sepsis, beriberi, pregnancy
What is Cor Pulmonale?
Right heart failure from lung disease or pulm HTN
What are the 3 s/s of aortic stenosis?
Angina, DOE, syncope
What is the cause of mitral stenosis?
Rheumatic fever
