cardiovascular system

Question 1

3 components to cv system

Answer 1

• heart : pump, driving force
• blood vessels or vascular system : passageways, interconnected tubes
• blood : medium being pumped through passageways

Question 2

plasma

Answer 2

blood minus the cellular components

Question 3

blood volume

Answer 3

whole blood ~ 8 % of body weight
4-5 L for women
5-6L for mn

Question 4

fluid connective tissue
-components

Answer 4

plasma 55%
formed elements 45%

Question 5

plasma proteins

Answer 5

albumins 60% - osmotic pressure, transport

globulins 36% - transport, immune

fibrinogen 4% blood clotting

Question 6

hematopoiesis

Answer 6

blood cell formation in red bone marrow ~100 billion new cells/day
-continuously proliferate and differentiate

Question 7

types of hematopoiesis

Answer 7

erythropoiesis - erythrocyte production

thrombopoiesis- platelet production

leukopoiesis - leukocyte production

Question 8

erythrocyte

Answer 8

small, biconcave disc, thin walled but membrane strong and flexible

-no nucleus or organelles in mature cells, contain large amounts of hemoglobin

Question 9

hemoglobin

Answer 9

• 4 globin chains (2 alpha, 2 beta)
• 4 heme groups (each heme has 1 iron at its core that can can bind to 1 oxygen)
• can bind to O, CO2, H+, NO2

Question 10

platelets

Answer 10

• smaller than erythrocytes, disc shape, no nucleus
• larger cell (megakaryocyte) fragments into 1000-3000 platelets
• each platelet has a plasma membrane and many vesicles

Question 11

watch doctor matt and mike vids

Question 12

cardiac output

Answer 12

volume of blood pumped out of each ventricle per unit time (mL/min or L/min)

composed of :

• heart rate (HR) (BPM)
• stroke volume (SV) : volume each ventricle ejects during each beat (mL/beat) end diastolic volume - end systolic volume = stroke volume