Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Functions of the CV system

Answer 1

Transport
Blood clotting
Body temp and regulation

Question 2

Explain transport in CV system

Answer 2

heart pumps oxygen round body
body transports nutrients
CV system removed waste products

Question 3

Explain blood clotting in CV system

Answer 3

platelets clot blood by forming a mesh as they contain thrombokinase

Question 4

3 types of blood vessels

Answer 4

artery, vein, capillary

Question 5

features of an artery

Answer 5

thick walls
small lumen
carry high pressure blood
blood away from heart
oxygenated blood

Question 6

features of a vein

Answer 6

thin walls
large lumen
blood towards heart
low pressure
deoxygenated
contain valves

Question 7

features of a capillary

Answer 7

very small lumen
one cell thick walls
link arteries and veins
very low pressure
oxygenated blood at one end deoxygenated at the other

Question 8

define a blood vessel

Answer 8

how blood travels round the body

Question 9

what is vascular shunting

Answer 9

process thag increased blood flow to active areas via vasodilation and vasoconstriction

Question 10

define blood pressure

Answer 10

the pressure of blood against the walls of your heart

Question 11

what is the top number on you blood pressure

Answer 11

systole - when heart contracts

Question 12

whats the bottom number of blood pressure

Answer 12

diastole - when you heart muscles relax

Question 13

what are the components of blood

Answer 13

plasma
platelets
red blood cells
white blood cells

Question 14

what are red blood cells

Answer 14

concave shape
contain haemoglobin which binds to oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin

Question 15

what are white blood cells

Answer 15

help fight infection

Question 16

what are platelets

Answer 16

help clot blood as they contain thrombokinase

Question 17

what is plasma

Answer 17

contains nutrients and minerals such as calcium and glucose

Question 18

heart rate

Answer 18

number of times heart beats per minute

Question 19

adrenaline

Answer 19

hormone that makes heart beat faster and causes blood to be diverted from organs to muscles

Question 20

blood pressure

Answer 20

force exerted by blood on blood vessels

Question 21

stroke volume

Answer 21

volume of blood pumped out of the heart in a single beat

Question 22

cardiac output

Answer 22

volume of blood pumped out of the heart in 1 min
heart rate x stroke volume

Question 23

shunting

Answer 23

moving blood to where it is needed most

Question 24

recovery rate

Answer 24

rate at which the heart reat returns to resting levels after exercise

Question 25

formula for maximum heart rate

Answer 25

220 - age

Question 26

3 short term effects on CV system

Answer 26

increased heart rate increased stroke volume increased blood pressure increased cardiac output

Question 27

3 long terms effects on CV system

Answer 27

cardiac hypertrophy increased maximum cardiac output increased number of red blood cells increased stroke volume decrease in resting heart rate decrease in resting BP

Question 28

explain body temp and regulation in the CV system

Answer 28

vasoconstriction vasodilation