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PSYC 4300 - Psychophysiology > Cardiovascular System Pt 1 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Heart activity and behavior 1

A

Measuring electrical activity of the heart tied to what the heart is doing

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2
Q

Anatomy and physiology of the heart:
Four chambers

A

Right and left atria (receive incoming blood)
Right and left ventricles (pump blood out of heart)

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3
Q

Function of the chambers:
Atria

A

Receive blood from veins

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4
Q

Function of the chambers:
Ventricles
(Right and Left)

A

Pump blood through arteries to the lungs (R ventricle)
And the rest of the body (L ventricle)

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5
Q

Diagram of heart (from front)

A

Right atrium (top, on left side) - Left atrium (top, on right side)
Right ventricle (bottom, on left side) - Left ventricle (bottom, on right side)

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6
Q

Right atrium receives blood from

A

All body tissue except the lungs

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7
Q

Right atrium receives blood from all body tissue except the lungs through (3)

A

Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Coronary Sinus

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8
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Blood from upper body

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9
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Blood from lower body

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10
Q

Coronary Sinus

A

Blood from the heart itself

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11
Q

Pulmonary Artery

A

Blood flows from RIGHT ATRIUM to RIGHT VENTRICLE to the lungs by way of the

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12
Q

Oxygenated blood goes to LEFT ATRIUM by

A

Four Pulmonary Veins

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13
Q

Then it goes to… which pumps through the Aorta to the rest of the body

A

Left Ventricle

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14
Q

Circulation of blood through the heart

A

(Superior vena cava/ Inferior vena cava) ➡️ RIGHT ATRIUM ➡️ (Tricuspid valve) ➡️ RIGHT VENTRICLE ➡️ PULMONARY ARTERY ➡️ LUNGS ➡️ LEFT ATRIUM ➡️ (Mitral valve) ➡️ LEFT VENTRICLE ➡️ AORTA ➡️ Rest of the body

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15
Q

Control of heart beat

A

Electrocardiogram

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16
Q

Heartbeat represents

A

Contraction of the heart to pump blood to other body organs

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17
Q

Control of beating is both

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic

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18
Q

What does intrinsic mean?

A

Related to the heart itself

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19
Q

Cardiac conduction system

A

Sinoatrial node, Atrioventricular node, Right bundle branch, HIS bundle (same as A-V bundle), Left bundle branch

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20
Q

Intrinsic Mechanisms (4)

A

Sinoatrial node (aka pacemaker)
Atrioventricular node
Atrioventricular bundle
L and R bundles of conducting fibers

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21
Q

Sinoatrial node (aka pacemaker)
What does it mean?

A

Contains cells that don’t wait for stimulation/signal, activates themselves

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22
Q

Sinoatrial node (aka pacemaker)

A

Located in rear wall of R atrium
Electric discharge produces contraction of entire heart

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23
Q

Atrioventricular bundle (2)

A

Conducts impulse into ventricles
Purkinje fibers conduct impulses for contraction to all parts of ventricles

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24
Q

Contraction phase

A

Systole
(What happens after contraction of heart muscle, how much pressure leaving the heart)

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25
Relaxation phase
Diastole
26
Systole measured
In mm Mercury (Hg) Measuring at level of blood through veins
27
Which part receives blood?
Right atrium
28
Extrinsic control (2)
ANS CNS
29
Rate of contractions may be influenced by
Extrinsic factors
30
Extrinsic control: ANS (2)
Parasympathetic NS Sympathetic NS
31
ANS (what I wrote)
Controlling fight or flight
32
Parasympathetic NS
Influences S-A and A-V nodes by way of CN X (vagus nerve) Decreases heart rate Mediated by ACh at vagus nerve endings
33
Sympathetic NS
Mediated by NE at sympathetic nerve endings Increases heart rate Increases rate of S-A node discharge Increases excitability of heart tissue Increases force of contraction of atrial and ventricular musculature
34
Sympathetic NS (what I wrote)
Fight or flight
35
CNS (3)
Medulla (Baroreceptors) Hypothalamus (4 Fs- fight, flight, feed, mating, and hormones) Autonomic nervous system (fight or flight)
36
Carotid Sinus Reflex Baroreceptors
Pressure sensitive fibers, Located in neck
37
Baroreceptors (3)
Ensure adequate blood supply to brain Supplied by CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) When Carotid Sinus pressure is low because of low bp, information is sent to medulla which stimulates SNS (sympathetic nervous system) to increase heart rate and bp
38
Carotid sinus reflex
Back up system to activate heart (only when it drops) Any kind of trauma (decrease in blood pressure, ex: blood loss)
39
Carotid sinus reflex diagram
Aortic arch pressure receptors Hering’s nerves via Glossopharyngeal Carotid pressure receptors via Vagus
40
EKG
Heart contraction accompanied by production of electrical current; can be measured on body surface
41
EKG (what I wrote)
Measuring cycle heart goes through
42
Types of waves (3)
P wave QRS (complex) T wave
43
P wave
Currents generated before contraction of atria - Atrial depolarization
44
QRS (complex)
Current generated in the ventricles during depolarization, just prior to ventricular contraction
45
QRS (complex) (what I wrote)
To pump blood to the lungs (Right Ventricle) and the rest of the body (Left Ventricle)
46
T wave
Caused by repolarization of the ventricle
47
Depolarization and repolarization
Is similar to that which occurs in neurons
48
Wave diagram
X- axis: Time (s) (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) Y-axis: electrical potential (mV) P wave in peak in middle of 0 and 0.2 Q at 0.2 R right after at sharp peak S in middle (low) of 0.2 and 0.4 T in going back up and hill right before 0.6
49
Wave component Duration P-Q interval
Time between start of P wave and start of QRS (160 msec)
50
Q-T interval
Time between start of Q wave and end of T wave (300 msec)
51
Start of the Next Cycle
Time between end of T wave and the start of the next P wave (370 msec)
52
Total of Wave Component Duration
160 + 300 + 370 = 830 msec
53
EKG measures Heart rate
beats per unit time (ex: bpm)
54
How is heart rate (bpm) computed?
By counting the number of R peaks within this interval (1 minute)
55
Heart period
Time between R waves or Inter-beat Intervals (IBI) Expressed in milliseconds
56
Heart rate variability
Stability of the HR during baseline or during the performance of a task
57
EKG Measures (4)
Heart rate Heart period Heart rate variability Respiratory Sinus Arrythmia
58
Research suggests that as attention demands increase
There is a decrease in HR variation
59
Respiratory Sinus Arrythmia
HR variability due to respiration HR increases shortly after respiration begins and decreases shortly after exhalation begins
60
Heart rate at different ages (2)
1 y/o- 120 bpm 10 y/o- 90 bpm
61
Adult heart rate at rest male vs female
70 (males) 76 (females)

PSYC 4300 - Psychophysiology (9 decks)

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