Nervous System Pt 1

Question 1

What does the CNS consist of?

Answer 1

Brain, Spinal cord

Question 2

What does the spinal cord do?

Answer 2

Connects brain and peripheral nervous system

Question 3

What is the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 3

Carries messages to and from the CNS

Question 4

2 parts of PNS

Answer 4

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous sustem

Question 5

Somatic nervous system

Answer 5

Controls voluntary muscles and transmits sensory information to the CNS

Question 6

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 6

Controls involuntary body functions

Question 7

2 parts of autonomic nervous system

Answer 7

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 8

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

Arouses body to expend energy

Question 9

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 9

Calms body to conserve and maintain energy

Question 10

Features of the nervous system:
Anterior/Rostal

Answer 10

Front

Question 11

Features of the nervous system:
Posterior/caudal

Answer 11

Back

Question 12

Dorsal

Answer 12

Top

Question 13

Ventral

Answer 13

Bottom

Question 14

Lateral

Answer 14

Toward the side

Question 15

Medial

Answer 15

Toward the middle

Question 16

Ipsilateral

Answer 16

Same side

Question 17

Contralateral

Answer 17

Opposite side of

Question 18

Two hemispheres
Adult human brain weight and cortex thickness?

Answer 18

Right and left
~3 lbs, ~3mm

Question 19

Each hemisphere controls the

Answer 19

Opposite half of the body

Question 20

Support and Protection:
Dura mater

Answer 20

Tough, flexible outermost meninx

Question 21

Arachnoid membrane

Answer 21

Middle layer of the meninges

Question 22

Subarachnoid space

Answer 22

Between arachnoid and pia, filled with CSF

Question 23

Pia mater

Answer 23

Last layer of the meninges, which adheres to the surface of the brain

Question 24

Set of interconnected chambers filled with CSF (5)

Answer 24

Lateral Ventricles
Third ventricles
Cerebral aqueduct
Fourth ventricle
Choroid plexus

Question 25

Choroid plexus

Answer 25

Manufactures CSF

Question 26

Supply blood to the brain

Answer 26

Two carotid and two vertebral arteries

Question 27

Connect at the base of the brain and branch off into the: (3)

Answer 27

Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Posterior cerebral artery

Question 28

Forebrain: Ventricle Subdivision Principal structures (3)

Answer 28

Lateral, Third Telencephalon, Diencephalon Cerebral Cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system

Question 29

Midbrain: Ventricle Subdivision Principal structure

Answer 29

Cerebral aqueduct Mesencephalon Tectum tegmentum

Question 30

Hindbrain: Ventricle Subdivision Principal structures (3)

Answer 30

Fourth Mesencephalon, myelencephalon Cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 31

Forebrain Telencephalon

Answer 31

Cerebral cortex Basal ganglia Limbic system

Question 32

What are the different lobes?

Answer 32

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 33

Basal ganglia

Answer 33

Set of structures involved in processing information for motor movement

Question 34

Major structures of the basal ganglia motor system (3)

Answer 34

Caudate nucleus, Putamen, globus pallidus

Question 35

Limbic system

Answer 35

Set of structures involved in learning, memory, and emotion

Question 36

Major structures of the limbic system include: (5)

Answer 36

Limbic cortex Hippocampus Amygdala Fornix Mammillary bodies (part of hypothalamus)

Question 37

Diencephalon parts (4)

Answer 37

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland

Question 38

Midbrain, mesencephalon

Answer 38

Tectum and tegmentum

Question 39

Pons (3)

Answer 39

Connects forebrain to hindbrain, contains part of the reticular formation and is involved in sleep and arousal, controls rate of breathing

Question 40

Cerebellum

Answer 40

Appears as a mini brain and is involved in motor coordination. Coordinates timing of muscle groups to produce fluid movements

Question 41

Medulla (4)

Answer 41

Life-sustaining functions (heart rate, breathing, swallowing) Controls coughing and sneezing reflexes Transfers messages to and from brain and spinal cord Continuous with spinal cord

Question 42

Reticular formation (2)

Answer 42

Distributed throughout the core of the brainstem from the medulla into the midbrain Plays a fundamental role in arousal and consciousness

Question 43

Somatic nervous system: Cranial nerves

Answer 43

Blue- sensory Red-motor

Question 44

Spinal nerves Dorsal Ventral

Answer 44

Dorsal- sensory Ventral- motor

Question 45

Dorsal (sensory) is

Answer 45

Afferent

Question 46

Ventral (motor) is

Answer 46

Efferent

Question 47

Sympathetic nervous system:

Answer 47

Fight or flight response

Question 48

Parasympathetic nervous system:

Answer 48

Rest and digest

Question 49

Parasympathetic nerves

Answer 49

Constrict pupils Stimulate saliva Constrict airways Slow heartbeat Stimulate activity of stomach Inhibit release of glucose Stimulate gallbladder Stimulate activity of intestines Contract bladder Promote erection of genitals

Question 50

Sympathetic nerves

Answer 50

Dilate pupils Inhibit salivation Relax airways Increase heart beat Inhibit activity of stomach Stimulate release of glucose Inhibit gallbladder Inhibit activity of intestines Secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine Relax bladder Promote ejaculation and vaginal contractions