case studies

Question 1

Haiti earthquake

Answer 1

7.0 magnitude, 250,000 residents destroyed, 30,000 commercial buildings, 8bn cost, 220,000 deaths, 1.5m homeless.

Question 2

Haiti response

Answer 2

suffering tourism due to reputation, economic recovery slowed, reliant eon aid e.g. USA 100m, 13bn pledged in aid, earthquake resistant building codes.

Question 3

Japan earthquake

Answer 3

tohoku 42,620 gni/capita in 2011. people live due to fishing, trade and industry, also preparedness. 9.0 magnitude, 40m waves travelled 10km inland. soil liquefaction and Fukushima nuclear plant destruction

Question 4

impacts of Japan earthquake

Answer 4

16,000 killed 450,000 displaced. had to rebuild, shift in energy, disruption of trade due to manufacturing being destroyed. long lasting contamination.

Question 5

responses to Japan

Answer 5

emergency services, tsunami warning system created, 100 countries and organisations assistance, tomodachi by USA. In LT, reconstruction of infrastructure, housing, industry, increased tsunami defences, increased building resistance.

Question 6

Indian Ocean 2004

Answer 6

9.1 earthquake caused, 30m waves, destroyed infrastructure and houses, 230,000 deaths in 14 countries, and 1.7 million left homeless. cost of 10bn in damages. establishment of Indian Ocean tsunami warning system in 2006

Question 7

e15

Answer 7

79,000 gdp/capita, people live due to geothermal energy, tourism, fertile soil. hazards of ash clouds 9km high over Europe, 20 countries air travel disrupted, glacial flooding, SO2 acid rain and pollution

Question 8

e15 impacts and response

Answer 8

100,000 flights cancelled leading to 1.7bn lost, Kenyan flowers suffered. In the long term tourism rebounded with e15 becoming an attraction, challenges for farmers due to ash but fertile soils created. 800 evacuated

Question 9

monserrat

Answer 9

11,000 population 9,000 gdp/capita. people live for fertile soil, tourism and natural beauty. hazards were pyroclastic flows, destroying towns, ash causing respiratory issues, lahars and lava bombs. in the short term businesses and agriculture were destroyed, Plymouth abandoned, 19 deaths.

Question 10

Monserrat responses

Answer 10

7,000 evacuated, aid from uk government, 240m, relocation of people to uk and Antigua. little bay made capital. shelters created