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Liz's Microbiology Module 1 > Catalase Positive GPCs > Flashcards

Catalase Positive GPCs Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Three genera of catalase positive GPCs

A

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Rothia

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2
Q

Purpose of CNA (or PEA) and SBA

A

For specimen w/ normal flora

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3
Q

Purpose of Mannitol Salt Agar

A

For outbreaks

- Staphylococcus aureus is mannitol positive

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4
Q

Two types of catalase test

A

Slide catalase and plate catalase

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5
Q

What happens during a catalase test?

A

H2O2 dissociates to H2 + O2

- Positives will bubble

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6
Q

Coagulase test purpose

A

Major test to separate Staphylococci into 2 categories

  • Coagulase positive Staph
  • Coagulase negative Staph (CoNS/CNS)
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7
Q

What is coagulase?

A

Enzyme that creates a thrombin-like substance, clots human or rabbit PLASMA

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8
Q

Oxidation-Fermentation (OF) Test Principle

A

One oiled tube and one not
Fermenter: yellow in oiled and unoiled tube
Oxidizer: yellow in ONLY unoiled tube
Non-oxidizer/asaccharolytic: no acid in either tube

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9
Q

Novobiocin/Furazolidone susceptibility test

A

Determines susceptibility/resistance to antibiotic

- Zone of inhibition is measured after 18-24 hours

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10
Q

Lysostaphin test

A

Lysis Staphylococcus

  • positive = clear (lysis)
  • negative = turbid (no lysis); Micrococcus
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11
Q

Catalase results for

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
  4. positive
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12
Q

Fermenter or oxidizer?

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. Fermenter
  2. Fermenter
  3. Fermenter
  4. Oxidizer
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13
Q

Susceptibility or resistance to Furazolidone

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. susceptible
  2. susceptible
  3. susceptible
  4. resistant
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14
Q

Susceptibility or resistance to novobiocin

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. susceptible
  2. susceptible
  3. resistant
  4. susceptible
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15
Q

Coagulase (slide/tube)

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative
  4. negative
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16
Q

Slide coagulase

- Other names?

A

Clumping factor or bound coagulase

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17
Q

Tube coagulase

- Other names?

A

Staphycoagulase or free coagulase

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18
Q

Micrococcus

- Common colonial characteristics

A

Yellow/orange or “sticky”

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19
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

- common colonial characteristics

A

Large, opaque, may be “golden”, usually beta hemolytic

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20
Q

Coagulase negative Staph

- Common colonial characteristics

A

Large, opaque, usually white, usually alpha or gamma hemolytic

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21
Q

Name the main S. aureus infections

A 
Skin infection
Wound infection
Food poisoning
Scalded Skin Syndrome
Toxic Shock Syndrome
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22
Q

Name the Coag Neg Staph infections

Study These Flashcards
A

Subacute endocarditis

Catheter/Shunt infections

23
Q

Name the S. saprophyticus infection

Study These Flashcards
A

Primarily urinary tract infections

24
Q

Food poisoning

  • Infections and intoxications
  • Timing of symptoms
  • Stool sample needed?
Study These Flashcards
A

Infections: 2-3 days for symptoms to show and yes stool sample is needed
Intoxications: 2-8 hours for symptoms to show and stool would not be helpful

25
Why would stool not be helpful in food poisoning caused by S. aureus?
Toxin is present instead of bacteria
26
List important patient symptoms/conditions that define Toxic Shock Syndrome
Fever Rash Desquamation Shock (hypotension)
27
List virulence factors for S. aureus
- Protein A - Catalase - Coagulase - Hyaluronidase - DNase - Other: capsules, enterotoxins, exotoxins, beta-lactamses
28
Protein A
#1 cause of S. aureus virulence - Binds to Fc portion of IgG - Interferes w/ phagocytosis
29
S. aureus food poisoning toxin is what type of toxin?
Enterotoxin which is an exotoxin
30
S. aureus's Scalded Syndrome toxin is what type of toxin?
Exotoxin (exofoliatin)
31
S. aureus Toxic Shock Syndrome is produced by what?
TSST-1 | - Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin
32
Define MSSA
Methicillin Susceptible S. aureus
33
Define MRSA
Methicillin Resistant S. aureus
34
Define VISA or GISA
Vancomycin Intermediate S. aureus
35
Define VRSA
Vancomycin Resistant S. aureus
36
Hospital acquired MRSA vs. Community acquired MRSA
HA-MRSA: highly resistant, requires isolation of patients | CA-MRSA: not as highly resistant, usually skin infections in otherwise healthy people
37
Screening patients for MRSA
- Oxacillin (or vancomycin) screening plates | - PCR test for mecA gene (nasal swab)
38
Screening colonies for MRSA
- FDA approved automated methods (VITEK-II) | - Cefoxitin disk test → predicts oxacillin resistance
39
How do they detect staph carriers in hospital setting? How do we protect from it?
- B/c it colonizes on hospital staff → perform nasal screens | - HANDWASHING
40
Staphylococcus lugdunensis - How is it confused w/ S. aureus - How can they be differentiated?
- May have a positive slide coagulase test, may be beta-hemolytic - It will be positive on the slide coagulase test so run the tube coagulase and it will be negative
41
Where is S. saprophyticus most often found?
Mostly urinary tract infections in sexually active, young females
42
Rothia mucilaginosa - Made of? - Infection? - What does it look like?
- Normal oral flora - Endocarditis and septicemia (esp. drug users and patients w/ malignancies) - colonies often "sticky"
43
Urinary Tract Infections
S. saprophyticus
44
Dog Bites
S. intermedius
45
Septicemia in drug users
Rothia mucilaginosa
46
Subacute endocarditis
CoNS
47
Acute endocarditis
S. aureus
48
Toxic Shock Syndrome
S. aureus
49
Scalded skin syndrome
S. aureus
50
Food poisoning
S. aureus
51
Impetigo
S. aureus
52
Cellulitis
S. aureus
53
Carbuncles/Furuncle
S. aureus
54
Endocarditis
Rothia mucilaginosa

Liz's Microbiology Module 1 (11 decks)

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