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Question 1

What are lipids primarily composed of?

Answer 1

C-H bonds

Question 2

What is a primary function of lipids in living cells?

Answer 2

Energy storage

Question 3

What type of bonds and terminal group do fatty acids have?

Answer 3

C-H bonds and -COOH

Question 4

How are fatty acids classified when they are bound to albumin?

Answer 4

Unesterified

Question 5

Which type of fatty acid contains no double bonds?

Answer 5

Saturated

Question 6

How many fatty acids are attached to one molecule of glycerol in triglycerides?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

What kind of lipid is cholesterol classified as?

Answer 7

Unsaturated steroidal alcohol

Question 8

What is the primary role of chylomicrons?

Answer 8

Transport triglycerides after a meal

Question 9

Which lipoprotein is known as ‘good cholesterol’?

Answer 9

HDL

Question 10

In which lipoprotein is apoprotein B-100, along with some E, found on its surface?

Answer 10

IDL

Question 11

Which enzyme is involved in the breakdown of triglycerides?

Answer 11

Lipase

Question 12

What type of lipid metabolism disorder is associated with extremely elevated triglycerides due to enzyme deficiencies?

Answer 12

Hypertriglyceridemia

Question 13

Which method is used for cholesterol measurement characterized by the Liebermann-Burchardt Reaction?

Answer 13

Bloors Method

Question 14

What characterizes Familial Hypercholesterolemia?

Answer 14

Increased LDL cholesterol with normal intracellular cholesterol

Question 15

Hypoalphalipoproteinemia is indicated by a decrease in which circulating lipoprotein?

Answer 15

HDL

Question 16

Which disease is an extreme form of hypoalphalipoproteinemia characterized by the absence of HDL?

Answer 16

Tangier’s Disease

Question 17

What is the primary function of chylomicrons in the body?

Answer 17

Transport dietary triglycerides

Question 18

Which lipoprotein is like a ‘cleanup crew’ gathering excess cholesterol?

Answer 18

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

Question 19

According to the notes, what causes cardiovascular disease when in excess?

Answer 19

Cholesterol

Question 20

What is the primary role of cholesterol in lipoproteins?

Answer 20

Facilitating triglyceride transport

Question 21

Which fatty acid is most commonly found in dietary trans fats due to food processing?

Answer 21

Elaidic acid

Question 22

Triglycerides from plant sources are rich in which type of fatty acids?

Answer 22

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 23

Which of the following is the most common phospholipid found in cell membranes?

Answer 23

Phosphatidylcholine

Question 24

What type of lipid molecule is characterized by having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions?

Answer 24

Amphipathic lipid

Question 25

Where is cholesterol primarily synthesized in the body?

Answer 25

Cytosolic compartment

Question 26

Which enzyme is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis?

Answer 26

HMG-CoA reductase (HMHCR)

Question 27

What type of bond attaches fatty acids to the glycerol backbone in triglycerides?

Answer 27

Ester bond

Question 28

What is the primary adverse effect of trans fatty acids on lipoproteins?

Answer 28

Elevation of LDL and decrease in HDL

Question 29

Which lipid is classified as a neutral lipid due to lack of charged or polar hydrophilic groups?

Answer 29

Triglyceride

Question 30

What structural component allows apolipoproteins to bind lipids?

Answer 30

Amphipathic α helix

Question 31

What is the main role of lipoproteins?

Answer 31

To deliver fuel to peripheral cells

Question 32

Which apolipoprotein is the principal protein of LDL, VLDL, and chylomicrons?

Answer 32

Apo B

Question 33

What apolipoprotein is a ligand for the LDL receptor?

Answer 33

Apo B100

Question 34

Which lipoprotein particle contains Apo B48 and is known for its large size?

Answer 34

Chylomicrons

Question 35

What happens to chylomicron triglycerides and cholesteryl esters once they enter the circulation?

Answer 35

They are hydrolyzed by lipases

Question 36

Which lipoprotein is primarily produced by the liver and is rich in triglycerides?

Answer 36

VLDL

Question 37

Which lipoprotein particle is primarily synthesized by both the liver and the intestine? HDL

Answer 37

HDL

Question 38

Which lipoprotein particle can infiltrate into the extracellular space of vessel walls, leading to potential plaque formation?

Answer 38

LDL

Question 39

What is the main lipid component of Lipoprotein X?

Answer 39

Phospholipids

Question 40

What is the primary function of chylomicrons?

Answer 40

To deliver dietary lipids to hepatic and peripheral cells

Question 41

Which lipoprotein particles reflect light and cause turbidity in fasting hyperlipidemic plasma specimens?

Answer 41

VLDL