CELL

Question 1

Basic and fundamental unit of life, it possesses a highly organized structure that enables it to carry out its vital functions.

Answer 1

CELL

Question 2

2 Types of Cell

Answer 2

PROKARYOTIC
EUKARYOTIC

Question 3

A type if cell that lacks a defined nucleus

Answer 3

Prokaryotic

Question 4

Cells that has a defined nucleus

Answer 4

Eukaryotic

Question 5

a phospholipid bilayer which surrounds the cell

Answer 5

Cell Membrane

Question 6

a selective barrier between the interior and the exterior environment

Answer 6

Cell Membrane

Question 7

its primary role lies in regulating the passage of substances, including nutrients and waste materials

Answer 7

Cell Membrane

Question 8

Within it, specialized proteins play a crucial role in facilitating molecular transport and cellular communication.

Answer 8

Cell Membrane

Question 9

an organelle that houses DNA, located in the center of eukaryotic cells.

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Its primary function is to store and safeguard genetic information, controlling gene expression and DNA replication.

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 11

It also contains the nucleotus, which is involved in ribosome synthesis.

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

a gel-like matrix containing water, salts, proteins, and other molecules

Answer 12

Cytoplasm

Question 13

occupies space between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Answer 13

Cytoplasm

Question 14

plays a crucial role in biochemical reactions, energy production, and substance transport

Answer 14

Cytoplasm

Question 15

Building and repairing cellular structures, regulating biological processes, and expressing specific characteristics of each organism.

Answer 15

Protein Synthesis

Question 16

Are essential organelles for cellular functioning and survival

Answer 16

Ribosomes

Question 17

synthesize proteins using the genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA), crucial for cellular structure, function, and regulation

Answer 17

Ribosomes

Question 18

are located in the cytoplasm and the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 18

Ribosomes

Question 19

Ribosomes are located in the _____ and the ______

Answer 19

cytoplasm & rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

network interconnected membranes that extends from nuclear membrane to cell membrane

Answer 20

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 21

plays a role in the transport, processing, & distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell

Answer 21

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 22

Two main types of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 22

RoughEndoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 23

_____ is studded with ribosomes and is involved in the synthesis and modification of proteins.

Answer 23

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Question 24

______ specializes in lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification.

Answer 24

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

Question 25

packaging of proteins and lipids produced in the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 25

Golgi Apparatus

Question 26

Synthesizes carbohydrates and lipoproteins are essential for maintaining cell’s internal balance

Answer 26

Golgi Apparatus

Question 27

Synthesizes carbohydrates and lipoproteins are essential for ______

Answer 27

maintaining cell’s internal balance

Question 28

composed of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, it acts as a “shipping center” of the cell, sorting and packaging proteins into vesicles for transport and distribution

Answer 28

Golgi Apparatus

Question 29

To carry out vital functions and necessary metabolic processes essential for the proper functioning of the cell and/or organism.

Answer 29

Energy Supply

Question 30

cells primary function is energy generation through cellular respiration (ATP production).

Answer 30

Mitochondria

Question 31

Mitochondria is present in eukaryotic _____ & _____

Answer 31

animal & plant

Question 32

The ______ of mitochondria allows for the organization of various stages of the respiratory chain, making it crucial for cellular function and survival.

Answer 32

double membrane

Question 33

It involves breaking down molecules and unwanted materials, enabling the recycling of nutrients and cellular maintenance.

Answer 33

Cellular Digestion

Question 34

contains digestive enzymes that breaks down molecules and unwanted cellular materials

Answer 34

Lysosomes

Question 35

facilitate cellular digestion, by disposing of waste, recycling nutrients, and defending against pathogenic invasions

Answer 35

Lysosomes

Question 36

contain catalase that degrade hydrogen peroxide and toxic compounds, thereby protecting the cell from oxidative damage

Answer 36

Peroxisomes

Question 37

Peroxisomes contain _____ that degrade hydrogen peroxide and toxic compounds, thereby protecting the cell from oxidative damage

Answer 37

catalase

Question 38

play a role in the synthesis and degradation of lipids and bile acids, regulating lipid metabolism and overall homeostasis

Answer 38

Peroxisomes

Question 39

Maintaining cellular shape, enabling cellular movement and division, are essential for its functioning and survival.

Answer 39

Support and Movement

Question 40

contains protein filaments and provides support and enables movement in eukaryotic cells

Answer 40

Cytoskeleton

Question 41

Microfilaments are _____ in diameter, While microtubules are ____ in diameter

Answer 41

Microfilaments: 3-6 nm in diameter Microtubules: 20-25 nm

Question 42

polymer of protein Actin

Answer 42

Microfilaments

Question 43

form spindle fibers for separating chromosomes during mitosis

Answer 43

Microtubules

Question 44

form scaffolds throughout the cell, defining and maintaining its shape

Answer 44

Microfilaments

Question 45

Important in cell motility

Answer 45

Microtubules

Question 46

Specialized structures for movement.

Answer 46

Flagella, Cilia, Pili

Question 47

enable locomotion in liquid environments

Answer 47

Flagella

Question 48

____ is elongated structures of flagellin

Answer 48

Flagella

Question 49

Flagella: elongated structures of ____

Answer 49

flagellin

Question 50

____ are shorter and create coordinated flow on cell surface

Answer 50

Cilia

Question 51

are rigid surface appendages composed of a protein called pilin

Answer 51

Pili (fimbrae)

Question 52

Pili are rigid surface appendages composed of a protein called ____

Answer 52

pilin

Question 53

manage nutrients, eliminate waste, and regulate metabolic processes.

Answer 53

Storage and Transportation

Question 54

Meinbrane-bound organelles found in plant and some animal cells. They store nutrients, water, ions and waste materials, regulating turgor pressure and osmotic balance.

Answer 54

Vacuoles

Question 55

_____ can also be involved in the digestion substances and serve as a defense mechanism against predators by containing toxins.

Answer 55

Vacuoles

Question 56

Membranous vesicles that transport specific materials between organelles and the cell membrane.

Answer 56

Vesicles and endosomes

Question 57

They transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus to other destinations.

Answer 57

Vesicles

Question 58

They capture and distribute materials for degradation, recycling, or their incorporation into metabolic pathways.

Answer 58

Endosomes

Question 59

work together to maintain cellular homeostasis and perform essential life activities.

Answer 59

Structure and basic functions

Question 60

These organelles work together to maintain cellular homeostasis and perform essential life activities (structure and basic functions)

Answer 60

1. Cell membrane 2. Nucleus 3. Cytoplasm

Question 61

These organelles work together in protein synthesis

Answer 61

1. Ribosomes 2. Endoplasmic Reticulum 3. Golgi Apparatus

Question 62

These organelles work together carry out vital functions and necessary metabolic processes essential for the proper functioning of the cell and/or organism (Energy Supply)

Answer 62

1. Mitochondria

Question 63

These organelles work together in repairing cellular structures, regulating biological processes, and expressing specific characteristics of each organisms (Protein Synthesis)

Answer 63

1. Ribosomes 2. Endoplasmic Reticulum 3. Golgi Apparatus

Question 64

These organelles works together in breaking down molecules and unwanted materials, enabling the recycling of nutrients and cellular maintenance (Cellular Digestion)

Answer 64

1. Lysosomes 2. Peroxisomes

Question 65

These organelles works together in maintaining cellular shape, enabling cellular movement and division, are essential for its functioning and survival (Support and Movement)

Answer 65

1. Cytoskeleton 2. Cilia, Flagella, Pili

Question 66

These organelles manage nutrients, eliminate waste, and regulate metabolic processes (Storage and Transportation)

Answer 66

1. Vacuoles 2. Vesicles & Endosomes