Cell Cycle

Question 1

Regular body cells (skin, muscle)

Answer 1

Somatic cells

Question 2

Are somatic cells a diploid or haploid

Answer 2

Diploid (2n)

Question 3

Sex cells (sperm, egg)

Answer 3

Gamete (germ)

Question 4

Are gamete cells/sex cells haploid or diploid

Answer 4

Haploid (n)

Question 5

Diploid means…

Answer 5

Have 2 of each chromosome

Question 6

Haploid means…

Answer 6

1 of each chromosome

Question 7

Haploid cells will ____

Answer 7

Fuse

Question 8

Why do somatic cells divide

Answer 8

DNA overload

Question 9

The larger the cell volume, the ______ the diffusion

Answer 9

Slower

Question 10

What is the cell cycle

Answer 10

The life of a cell

Question 11

What is interphase

Answer 11

Cell is growing and preparing for the cell division

Question 12

What are the 3 phases of interphase

Answer 12

G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase

Question 13

What phase is cell division

Answer 13

M phase

Question 14

What is cell division

Answer 14

Process of one cell forming two daughter cells

Question 15

What is mitosis

Answer 15

Nuclear division and cytokinesis. In eukaryotic cells.

Question 16

What is cytokinesis

Answer 16

Cytoplasm division

Question 17

What are the phases of cell division IN ORDER

Answer 17

Interphase
Prophase 
Metaphase
Anaphase 
Telophase 
Cytokinesis

Question 18

What is the structure that connects two chromatids

Answer 18

Centromere

Question 19

Each individual chromosome in a connected pair

Answer 19

Chromatid

Question 20

Formed in prophase; chromosomes move along this

Answer 20

Spindle fiber

Question 21

Forms across the centre of the cell at the end of telophase

Answer 21

Cleavage

Question 22

A pair of chromosomes connected by a centromere

Answer 22

Chromosomes

Question 23

What phase does Chromatin condenses into chromosomes

Answer 23

Prophase

Question 24

What phase does individual chromosomes move apart

Answer 24

Anaphase

Question 25

What phase do daughter cells enter immediately after cytokinesis

Answer 25

Interphase

Question 26

In this stage, chromosomes are lined up in the centre of the cell

Answer 26

Metaphase

Question 27

In this phase, two new daughter cells are formed

Answer 27

Cytokinesis

Question 28

In this phase, two new nuclear envelopes form around the chromosomes. Cleavage begins to appear

Answer 28

Telophase

Question 29

What is a karyotype

Answer 29

An image of all the Chromosomes in a cell

Question 30

How many chromosomes are in a human

Answer 30

46

Question 31

What are homologous chromosomes

Answer 31

Two chromosomes. One inherited from the mother and one inherited from the father

Question 32

What cell undergoes mitosis

Answer 32

Somatic cells

Question 33

What is the largest chromosome's number

Answer 33

1

Question 34

What is the smallest chromosome's number

Answer 34

22

Question 35

What are the homologous chromosomes (#1-22) called

Answer 35

Autosomes

Question 36

What are the 23rd paired of chromosomes called

Answer 36

Sex chromosomes

Question 37

What do the sex chromosomes do

Answer 37

Control the development of sexual characteristics

Question 38

What are the two chromosomes in a human

Answer 38

XY

Question 39

What gender is the human with XX chromosomes

Answer 39

Female

Question 40

What gender is the human with XY chromosomes

Answer 40

Male

Question 41

Type of cell division where one somatic cell produces 4 gametes and is in prokaryotes

Answer 41

Meiosis

Question 42

Each gamete contains _____ of the number of chromosomes as the body cell which makes it a haploid

Answer 42

Half

Question 43

What are the phases of meiosis

Answer 43

``` Prophase 1 Metaphase 1 Anaphase 1 Telophase 1 Prophase 2 Metaphase 2 Anaphase 2 Telophase 2 ```

Question 44

How many sperm cells do men have at the end of meiosis

Answer 44

4

Question 45

What is formed in meiosis for women

Answer 45

One egg cell | 3 polar bodies

Question 46

What happens to the two haploids during fertilization

Answer 46

They form a diploid

Question 47

What happens during prophase 1

Answer 47

Crossing over, or, an exchange of chromosomes happens between homologous chromosomes

Question 48

What are 3 reasons cells would need to divide

Answer 48

DNA overload Exchange of material trouble Surface to volume ratio

Question 49

Where is DNA stored

Answer 49

In the nucleus of the cell

Question 50

Which phases does the cell experience growth

Answer 50

Interphase

Question 51

What is replicating in the S phase

Answer 51

Chromosomes

Question 52

What are the G1, S, and G2 phases called collectively

Answer 52

The interphase

Question 53

What phase is cell division occurring

Answer 53

The M phase

Question 54

What are the 2 new cells called after cell division

Answer 54

Somatic cells and daughter cells