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Cytogenetics 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims > Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis > Flashcards

Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

Nuclear Division aka

A

Karyokinesis

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2
Q

Cytoplasmic Divison aka

A

Cytokinesis

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3
Q

Cell division of mitotic cells

A

Mitosis

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4
Q

Cell division in developing sperm cell in the ovary and the testis

A

Meiosis

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5
Q

2 phases of the cell cycle

A

Interphase
Mitosis

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6
Q

Particular phase of the cell cycle wherein the cell would be able to discern if it’s needed to proceed with cell division or remain into its specialization

A

G0 phase

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7
Q

3 phases of Interphase

A

G1
S
G2

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8
Q

Mitotic division results in

A

2 daughter cells

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9
Q

4 stages of Mitosis

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

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10
Q

Mitosis stage:

Chromosomes continue to condense becoming shorter and thicker

A

Prophase

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11
Q

Prophase:

Would allow movement towards the end for adding subunits

A

Kinesis

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12
Q

Prophase:

Causes a movement toward the less active end for removing subunit

A

Dynein

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13
Q

Mitosis stage:

Alignment of chromosomes in the same plane in the middle of the cell to form the equatorial plate

A

Metaphase

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14
Q

Metaphase:

holds the two sister chromatids together

A

Kinetochore

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15
Q

Metaphase:

hold the centromeres in place in their respective polar regions in the cell maintaining the linear arrangement of the chromosomes

A

Aster Microtubules

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16
Q

Metaphase:

help hold the chromosomes in place and the other organelle

A

Polar Microtubules

17
Q

Mitosis Stage:

There is separation of the single kinetochore of each pair of chromatids into 2

A

Anaphase

18
Q

Mitosis Stage:

Chromosomes are clustered at the spindle poles and segments of nuclear envelope are formed around them

A

Telophase

19
Q

Cells based on their proliferative activity:

Cells that no longer divide or rarely divide

A

Static Cell population

20
Q

Cells based on their proliferative activity:

Little mitotic activity but are able to divide during repair

A

Stable Cell population

21
Q

Cells based on their proliferative activity:

Regular mitotic activity

A

Continuously Dividing cells

22
Q

What are the 3 checkpoints of the cell cycle

A

G1/S
G2/M
M

23
Q

checkpoints of the cell cycle:

Proper cell size and DNA damage checking

A

G1/S checkpoint

24
Q

checkpoints of the cell cycle:

DNA replication completion and damage checking

A

G2/M checkpoint

25
Q

checkpoints of the cell cycle:

Proper spindle fiber assembly and attachment

A

M checkpoint

26
Q

The form of cell division by which gametes (sperm or egg), with half the number of chromosomes, are produced

A

Meiosis

27
Q

How many chromosomes do gametes have

A

23 (haploid)

28
Q

Confers the capability of the cell whether it would decide to go and perform cell division or just be quiescent

A

Interphase

29
Q

4 phases of Meiosis I

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

30
Q

5 stages of Prophase

A

Leptotene
Zygotene
Pachytene
Diplotene
Diakinesis

31
Q

Meiosis:

There is complete breakdown of the nuclear membrane

A

Metaphase I

32
Q

Meiosis:

Homologous chromosomes separate and move towards the poles

A

Anaphase I

33
Q

Meiosis:

Cytokinesis occurs and 2 haploid daughter cells are formed

A

Telophase I

34
Q

Phases of Meiosis II

A

Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

35
Q

Meiosis II:

the centrosomes will assume its positions in the opposite poles of the cell and start nuclear membrane breakdown

A

Prophase

36
Q

Meiosis II:

formation of the mitotic spindles

A

Prometaphase

37
Q

Meiosis II:

chromosomes will assume their
position in the metaphase plate

A

Metaphase

38
Q

Meiosis II:

The diads (chromatid strand) are pulled
individually into monads (one chromatid strand)

A

Anaphase

39
Q

Meiosis II:

the regeneration of the nuclear
membrane will occur, encircling the chromatid strands, and the appearance of a cleavage, and end up with four daughter haploid cells that contains genetic variation

A

Telophase

Cytogenetics 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims (10 decks)

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