Cell Division Flashcards
In body cells, chromosomes are normally found in…
Pairs
What do body cells divide by?
Mitosis
What do chromosomes contain?
Genetic information
What are the 2 stages of a body cell dividing by mitosis?
Copies of the genetic material are made, then the cell divides once to form 2 genetically identical body cells
Why does mitosis occur? 2
For growth, to produce replacement cells
How many sets of chromosomes do sex cells have?
1 set
Where does meiosis occur in humans?
Testes and ovaries
What’s the type of cell division in which cells divide to form gametes?
Meiosis
What are the 2 stages of a body cell dividing by meiosis?
Copies of the genetic material are made, then the cell divides twice to form 4 gametes each with a single set of chromosomes
When gametes join at fertilisation what’s formed?
A single body cell with new pairs of chromosomes
What do many plant cells have the ability to do throughout life?
Differentiate
When do most animal cells differentiate?
At an early stage
What are stem cells?
Cells from human embryos and adult bone marrow that haven’t differentiated
What can stem cells be made to differentiate into? Example?
Any type of human cell ie nerve cell
What’s one condition that stem cell treatment may be able to help with?
Paralysis
