Cell division (mitosis)

Question 1

What is the continuity of life based on?

Answer 1

Cell division

Question 2

What the thing that distinguishes living from non-living

Answer 2

Ability to divide and reproduce

Question 3

What do multicellular organisms depend on cell division for?

Answer 3

• development from fertilized cell
• growth
• repair

Question 4

What is the cell cycle and what is the most integral part of it?

Answer 4

Life of a cell and cell division

Question 5

What types of cells do not produce identical daughter cells

Answer 5

• sperm
• eggs
• ganetes
• spores

Question 6

What does all the DNA in a cell constitute too?

Answer 6

The genome

Question 7

Every eukaryotic cell has a characteristic number of what?

Answer 7

Number of chromosomes in each cell nucleus

Question 8

What’s a somatic cell and how many sets of chromosomes does it have?

Answer 8

Non reproductive cell and 2 sets of chromosomes

Question 9

What a gamete?

Answer 9

A cell with half as many chromosomes (sperm eggs etc)

Question 10

What do eukaryotic chromosomes consist of?

Answer 10

Chromatin, a complex of DNA and protein that condensed during cell division

Question 11

What does eukaryotic cell division consist of?

Answer 11

• mitosis (division of the nucleus)

- cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm)

Question 12

What are gametes and spores produced by?

Answer 12

A variation of cell division call miosis, which yields non ideantical daughter cells which only has 1 set of chromosomes

Question 13

What are the 2 main phases on the cell cycle

Answer 13

• Mitotic phase ( M phase, mitosis and cytocynesis)

- interphase (cell growth and and copying of chromosomes in prep for division

Question 14

What are the three sub phases of the interphase?

Answer 14

G1 (first gap)
S phase (syntheses makes more dna)
G2 phase(second gap)

Question 15

When does the cell grow?

Answer 15

During all three phases

Question 16

What are the five phases of mitosis

Answer 16

• prophase
• promotaphase
• metaphase
• anaphase
• telophase

Question 17

What is the mitotic spindle?

Answer 17

It is and apparatus of microtubules that’s control chromosome movements

Question 18

What happens during the prophase

Answer 18

• Assembly of spindle microtubules begins in the centrosome (the microtubule organizing center)
• then the centrosome duplicates and migrate to opposite ends of the cell as spindle microtubules grow out of them

Question 19

What is an aster?

Answer 19

A radical array of short molecules extends from each centrosome

Question 20

What’s the difference between animal cell and plant cell cytokinesis

Answer 20

• Animal cell is called cleavage and it pinches

- plant cell is called cell plate and a cell wall deprecated the two cells

Question 21

What is binary fission?

Answer 21

Prokaryotes cell division, chromosome replicated and migrates apart

Question 22

What does the spindle include?

Answer 22

• the centrosome
• the spindle microtubules
• asters

Question 23

Describe metaphase?

Answer 23

All chromosomes are lined up along metaphase plate (midway point of cell)

Question 24

Describe anaphase

Answer 24

Chromatids separate and move along the keneticore (middle of chromosome) microtubules toward opposite ends of the cell

Question 25

How do the microtubules shorten?

Answer 25

By depolymerization at the keneticore ends

Question 26

What happened in telaphase?

Answer 26

Genetically identical daught nuclei form at opposite end of the cell