Unit 1 Ish

Question 1

What is biology?

Answer 1

The study of life

Question 2

What are the 4 defining characteristics of life?

Answer 2

• order
• process of energy
• respond to the environment
• reproduce and grow

Question 3

What are genes?

Answer 3

Units of inheritance

Question 4

What is the biospere

Answer 4

All environments

Question 5

What are communities

Answer 5

All organisms in an ecosystem

Question 6

What is a population?

Answer 6

All individuals in a species

Question 7

What is tissue?

Answer 7

Groups of cells

Question 8

What are cells?

Answer 8

The fundamental units of life

Question 9

What are organelles

Answer 9

Components of cells

Question 10

What are molicules

Answer 10

The chemical structure

Question 11

How do you classify a species from most inclusive to least

Answer 11

• domain
• kingdom
• class
• order
• family
• genus
• species

Question 12

What is the main method used by biologists

Answer 12

• observe
• hypothesis testing
• prediction
• experiment
• results

Question 13

What is a covalent bond

Answer 13

When 2 atoms share an elecron

Question 14

What are some properties of H2O

Answer 14

• more electronegative
• asymmetrical arrangement
• areas around oxygen are more negative because of a stronger pull on the electrons

Question 15

How does a plant use water?

Answer 15

Water molecules are cohesive so they will adhere to the walls of plants

Question 16

What is hydrophilic?

Answer 16

Has an affinity for water

Question 17

What is hydrophobic

Answer 17

Doesn’t like water

Question 18

Why is water different from other liquids when heat is applied to it

Answer 18

The temperature of the water will change less that any other liquid with the same heat applied

Question 19

As the temperature decreases in water what happens to hydrogen bonding?

Answer 19

Becomes more ordered

Question 20

What is a solution

Answer 20

Liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of substances

Question 21

What is an aqueous solution?

Answer 21

Solutes dissolved in solvent

Question 22

What is the concintration?

Answer 22

Number of solute molecules for a given volume of solvent

Question 23

What decreases the freezing points of aqueous solutions?

Answer 23

Presents of solutes

Question 24

What is the calculations for PH and hydrogen levels?

Answer 24

PH=-log(H)

Question 25

As PH goes down how to hydrogen and hydroxide react?

Answer 25

H increases | OH decreases

Question 26

What makes a solution basic/acidic?

Answer 26

Basic-more hydroxide (OH) | Acidic-more hydrogen ions (H)

Question 27

What are a lot of aquatic organisms skeletons made of

Answer 27

Calcium carbonate

Question 28

What does a buffer do?

Answer 28

Minimizes changes in concentration of H/OH

Question 29

What does a buffer consist of?

Answer 29

Acid base pair

Question 30

What is a hydrocarbon

Answer 30

Only C and H

Question 31

What are functional groups?

Answer 31

Components of organic molecules, most commonly involved in chemical reactions

Question 32

What are important chemical groups in organic molecules that are hydrophilic?

Answer 32

``` Hydroxyl Carbonyl Carboxyl Amino Phosphate ```

Question 33

What are the important organic chemical groups that are not hydrophilic?

Answer 33

Sulfhydryl | Methyl (non reactive)

Question 34

What is hydroxyl

Answer 34

-OH CALLED ALCOHOLS polar (on the end) hydrogen bonds

Question 35

What is carboNyl

Answer 35

``` O // -C \ Called aldehydes when terminal (on end) with H Called ketones (not terminal) ```

Question 36

What is a carboXyl

Answer 36

``` O // -C \ OH it is polar and can act as an acid (donate a proton) ```

Question 37

What is an amino

Answer 37

``` H / -N \ H Called amines Acts as base Can pick up H ```

Question 38

What is sulfhydryl?

Answer 38

-SH called thiols "Cross link" proteins Polar

Question 39

What does it mean for a molecule to be a geometric isomer

Answer 39

Same covalent arrangement, different spatial arrangements

Question 40

What is a structural isomer?

Answer 40

Different covalent arrangements of there atoms

Question 41

What's the difference between a cis isomer and a trans isomer

Answer 41

Cis- x's are on the same side | Trans- x's are on different sides

Question 42

What is a enantiomer

Answer 42

Mirror images of each other in molecules where one Corbin has four different groups attached

Question 43

What is a polymer?

Answer 43

They are made of smaller repeating sub units called monomers