Cell & Epithelium

Question 1

[prophase]

the chromosomes condense, the nucleoli disappear and the mitotic spindle apparatus assembles

Answer 1

late prophase

Question 2

[phases of mitosis]

The mitotic spindle has attached to the centromere of each chromosome and moves them through the “dance of mitosis”

Answer 2

metaphase

Question 3

[cytoskeleton]

• diameter: long and thin rods
• fxn: withstand stretching & compression
• protein type: Actin
• structure: anchor one cell to another

Answer 3

microfilaments

Question 4

[cell structures & organelles]

Movement of chromosomes during cell division

Answer 4

centriole

Question 5

[cytoskeleton]

• diameter: long and hollow
• fxn: cellular movement
• protein type: Tubulin
• structure: cilia

Answer 5

microtubules

Question 6

[cell structures & organelles]

where RNA is synthesized

Answer 6

nucleolus

Question 7

[cell structures & organelles]

site of protein synthesis

Answer 7

free ribosome

Question 8

[cells]

Somatic cells have two copies of the genome

Answer 8

diploid

Question 9

[terminologies]

are the basic living, structural, and functional units in all tissues

Answer 9

cells

Question 10

form membranes and hormones

Answer 10

lipids

Question 11

[cell structures & organelles]

outer wall of the cell

Answer 11

plasma membrane

Question 12

[cells]

Sperm and egg cells have only one copy of the genome

Answer 12

haploid

Question 13

[phases of mitosis]

The mitotic spindle apparatus pulls the sister chromatids of each chromosome apart by attaching to each centromere and then pulling the chromatids to each pole of the cell

Answer 13

anaphase

Question 14

[cell structures & organelles]

breaks down nutrients from food to provide energy

Answer 14

mitochondrion

Question 15

five (5) phases of mitosis

Answer 15

• interphase
• prophase
• metaphase
• anaphase
• telophase

Question 16

[cytoskeleton]

• diameter: intermediate between microtubules & microfilaments
• fxn: strong inner framework in actively dividing skin cells
• protein type: Protein dimer
• structure: skin and nerve cells

Answer 16

intermediate filaments

Question 17

[terminologies]

• microtubules
• microfilaments
• intermediate filaments

Answer 17

cytoskeleton

Question 18

[cells]

bone, blood, nerve, and muscle cells are __________

Answer 18

somatic cells

Question 19

provide energy

Answer 19

carbohydrates

Question 20

[cell structures & organelles]

houses the DNA

Answer 20

nucleus

Question 21

[phases of mitosis]

• the chromosomes condense, making them distinguishable when using a light microscope
• the chromosomes condense, the nucleoli disappear, and the mitotic spindle apparatus assembles

Answer 21

prophase

Question 22

three (3) phases of interphase

Answer 22

• G1 phase
• S phase
• G2 phase

Question 23

maintaining stability and shape as well as assisting in cell-to-cell communication

Answer 23

proteins

Question 24

[terminologies]

is a form of cell division that produces 2 cells, each has the same complement of chromosomes as the parent cells

Answer 24

mitosis

Question 25

[metaphase] drift away from the equator

Answer 25

telomeres

Question 26

[cell structures & organelles] studded with ribosomes

Answer 26

rough ER

Question 27

[prophase] the chromosomes condense, making them distinguishable when using a light microscope

Answer 27

early prophase

Question 28

a meshwork of protein rods and tubules that molds the distinctive structures of a cell, positioning organelles and providing a three-dimensional shape

Answer 28

cytoskeleton

Question 29

[terminologies] - plasma membrane - mitochondria - ribosomes - endoplasmic reticulum - golgi apparatus - secretory vesicles/granules - lysosomes - proteasomes - peroxisomes/microbodies

Answer 29

cytoplasmic organelles

Question 30

[interphase] - Before DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of one chromatid. - After DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of 2 genetically identical sister chromatids attached at the centromere

Answer 30

S phase

Question 31

[cell structures & organelles] biochemical identity and cellular identity

Answer 31

glycocalyx

Question 32

[interphase] The cell prepares the enzymes and machinery for mitosis

Answer 32

G2 phase

Question 33

[phases of mitosis] - the cell grows in size and carry out their normal day-to-day activities - Before DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of one chromatid. After DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of 2 genetically identical sister chromatids attached at the centromere - The cell prepares the enzymes and machinery for mitosis

Answer 33

interphase

Question 34

[cell structures & organelles] Site of fatty acids and phospholipids synthesis

Answer 34

smooth ER

Question 35

two (2) phases of prophase

Answer 35

- early prophase - late prophase

Question 36

[phases of mitosis] cytokinesis begins (formation of daughter cells)

Answer 36

telophase

Question 37

[interphase] the cell grows in size and carry out their normal day to day activities

Answer 37

G1 phase

Question 38

[metaphase] aligned at the equator of the cell

Answer 38

centromeres