Microscopy & Histology Flashcards by Vince Patangan

allows rays to pass directly through the eye without being deflected by an intervening opaque plate in the condenser

brightfield / lightfield microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

magnification level of the HPO

40x

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

uses a laser light to scan samples

confocal microscopy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

magnification level of an eyepiece / ocular lens

10x

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

used to obtain a clear image of a specimen

oil

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

four (4) types of objectives

scanner
low-power objectives (LPO)
high-power objectives (HPO)
oil immersion objectives (OIO)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[basic steps in tissue preparation]

inactivate enzymes and preserve the tissue

fixation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

holds the components of the microscope

base

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

magnification level of the OIO

100x

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

observed at 3D image

scanning electron microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

where the light passes through from the light source to the specimen

stage aperture / hole

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

magnification level of the scanner

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

changing from one objective lens to another with minimal or no refocusing

parfocal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

examining transparent specimens without staining (alive)

phase-contrast microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the range of wavelength for visible light is 0.4-0.7 µm (400-700 nm)

light microscopy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

used in the immunology section

fluorescent microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[basic steps in tissue preparation]

the paraffin-infiltrated tissue is placed in a small mold with melted paraffin and allowed to harden to provide an external support in a form of paraffin block

embedding

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ideal visualization of birefringent sediments such as crystals

polarizing microscopy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[basic steps in tissue preparation]

most important step in tissue preparation

fixation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

simple compound microscope

brightfield / lightfield microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

[staining]

H & E stands for

hematoxylin and eosin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

magnifies 100,000x

electron microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

used in geology

polarizing microscope

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

can create 3D images through multiple scans

confocal microscopy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

- fibers, ground substances, and fluids (transporting of nutrients to the cells and carrying away waste and secretory products) - supports the cells

extracellular matrix (ECM)

[H & E staining] stains nuclear components including heterochromatin and nucleoli

hematoxylin

[fixation] _________ is used as formalin

formaldehyde

[basic steps in tissue preparation] - one of the very important steps - using cover slip and mounting medium

mounting and labeling

greek words "_______" (tissue or columns), "________" (to study)

"histos", "logia"

[basic steps in tissue preparation] - cytological swabs - biopsies - surgical resection

tissue acquisition

tissues are usually irradiated with UV light

fluorescent microscopy

[H & E staining] - negatively charged acidic dye - colors positively charged basic structures - has a pink hue (acidophilic)

eosin

"carrying handle"

arm

optimum resolution is achieved using _________________

oil immersion objective

two (2) components of tissue

- cells - extracellular matrix (ECM)

[basic steps in tissue preparation] the tissue is placed in melted paraffin wax which evaporates and clears solvent

infiltration

most important part of the microscope

condenser

refracting index of cedarwood oil

1.516

"light source"

incandescent lamp

this is where you put the slide

mechanical stage

- forward & backward - left & right

mechanical stage controls

specimens are usually transparent & colorless

phase-contrast microscopy

use of fluorochromes and immunofluorescent techniques

fluorescent microscope

use of polarized light to see the details of an object

polarizing microscope

where your objective lenses are placed

revolving nosepiece

two (2) types of staining

- H & E staining - PAS staining

[basic steps in tissue preparation] to remove water content gradually in the tissue sample, intracellularly and extracellularly

dehydration

make use of a beam of electrons that is transmitted through a specimen

transmission electron microscope

paraffin sections are cut at ______ thickness

3-10 mm

collects and directs the light from the light source to the specimen

condenser

[basic steps in tissue preparation] removal of alcohol, replaced with hydrocarbon chemical (saline, benzene)

clearing

magnification level of the LPO

10x

regulates the amount of light

iris diaphragm

most commonly used oil in OIO

Cedarwood oil

[basic steps in tissue preparation] the ethanol is replaced by an organic solvent miscible (capable of being mixed) with both alcohol and the embedding medium

clearing

two (2) types of focusing knobs

- course adjustment knob - fine adjustment knob

[light source / illuminator] reduces the intensity of light

neutral density filter

[H & E staining] - positively charged basic dye - colors negatively charged acidic structures (DNA/RNA) - has a blue hue (basophilic)

hematoxylin

- sharpen the focus - used in HPO and OIO

fine adjustment knob

electron microscopy uses less than ______ in thickness of paraffin sections

1 mm

another term for serial sections

ribbons

study of tissues of the body

histology

[staining] PAS stands for

periodic acid-schiff

extent of the detail of the magnified specimen

resolution

natural lights illuminate the tissue

light microscopy

[basic steps in tissue preparation] the tissue is transferred through a series of increasingly concentrated alcohol solution

dehydration

- used for initial observation - used in scanner and LPO

course adjustment knob

sections are deparaffinized and rehydrated

staining

utilizes the hexose rings of polysaccharides and other carbohydrate-rich tissue structures and stains such macro molecules with distinct magenta color

PAS staining

where your ocular lenses are placed

rotatable head

identify transparent microorganisms in a dark background

dark-field microscope

holds the slide in place

stage clip

- it is done before using the microscope - obtain the sharpness of an image - done for a longer duration / usage

diopter adjustment ring

[H & E staining] stains cytoplasmic components including collagen and elastic fibers, muscle fibers and red blood cells (RBC)

eosin

[basic steps in tissue preparation] the resulting paraffin block is trimmed to expose the tissue for sectioning on a microtome

trimming

utilizes electron beams of light rays and magnetic fields instead of lenses

electron microscope

the formula for a total magnification

objectives x ocular lens

[basic steps in tissue preparation] stops tissue degradation

fixation

voltage regulator / brightness adjustment

light source / illuminator

- prevent the loss of light - prevent further scattering of light

oil

other term/s of resolution

resolution limit / resolving power

Microscopy & Histology Flashcards

(81 cards)