Cell Membrane Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is a glycolipid
A carbohydrate chain attached to the phospholipid
what is a glycoprotein
Carbohydrate chain attached to a protein
what does the peripheral protein do
stabilizes & gives shape to the membrane
what is the integral protein
The carrier protein; moves laterally
what forms the mosaic pattern
integral and peripheral proteins embedded in the phospholipid bilayer
What are carbohydrate chains like glycoprotein and glycolipids used for
identificarion markers
what is the general term for all carb chains
Glycocaylx
what molecules can enter the cell easily to most difficult
Easy:
small in size
non charged
Difficult:
charged
wonky shape
macromolecules
What are the 5 types of proteins
Channel
Carrier
Cell recognition
Receptor
Enzymatic
What is channel protein
Allows a specific molecule to move freely in or out of cell
What is carrier protein
Selective molecule or ion passes individually
What is cell recognition protein
MHC glycoproteins are used to identify the correct molecules, as well fight off invaders
What is Receptor protein
Shaped so that the specific molecule can bind to it
What is Enzymatic protein
Catalyzes a specific reaction for membrane passage
3 ways which substances can pass through the cell
- Diffusion
- Transport by Carriers
- Endo and exocytosis
Diffusion travels from a ___ concentration to a ____ concentration
high to low
what is the concentration gradient
Difference in concentration (high-low)
Can starch pass through the membrane easily? Why or why not
No because it has a large chain; selecively permeable in size
Osmosis travels from a ___ to ___ concentration
low to high
Hypo to hypertonic
Water is polar which means it is hydro___
Hydrophilic
Factors that make the rate of diffusion increase
Increase temperature
Larger concentration gradient
what happens when there is greater water pressure inside the cell
Turgor pressure
what happens when a cells contents shrink but the cell wall keeps its structure
Plasmolysis
Do channel proteins need ATP? why or why not?
No because they move thing like glucose and amino acids across the concentration gradient
