cell recognition and the immune system Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the primary function of the immune system?
To protect the body against pathogens and foreign substances.
True or False: Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response.
True
Fill in the blank: _____ are proteins produced by B cells that specifically bind to antigens.
Antibodies
What type of cells are responsible for the cell-mediated immune response?
T lymphocytes (T cells)
Multiple Choice: Which of the following cells can act as antigen-presenting cells? A) B cells B) T cells C) Macrophages D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Define the term ‘phagocytosis’.
The process by which certain cells engulf and digest pathogens or debris.
What is the role of memory cells in the immune response?
To provide long-term immunity by remembering past infections.
True or False: Vaccines work by exposing the immune system to a weakened or inactive form of a pathogen.
True
What is the function of helper T cells?
To activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells by releasing cytokines.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a type of white blood cell that helps initiate the immune response.
B cell
What are cytokines?
Signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.
Multiple Choice: Which type of immunity is acquired through the introduction of antibodies from another individual? A) Active immunity B) Passive immunity C) Natural immunity D) Innate immunity
B) Passive immunity
Define ‘autoimmunity’.
A condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells.
True or False: Natural killer cells are a type of lymphocyte that can destroy virus-infected cells without prior sensitization.
True
What is the difference between primary and secondary immune responses?
Primary response occurs upon first exposure to an antigen; secondary response is faster and stronger due to memory cells.
