Cell Structure

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

A membrane covered organelle that holds the cell’s DNA

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Covering that surrounds the cell and controls what gets in and out of the cell. Made of a phospholipid bilayer.

Question 3

cytoplasm

Answer 3

The jelly‐like fluid surrounding the cell organelles. Outside the nucleus.

Question 4

cell wall

Answer 4

Outer rigid wall of plant cells that provides strength and support to the cell membrane. (made of cellulose)

Question 5

nucleolus

Answer 5

Dark spot inside the nucleus that makes ribosomes.

Question 6

ribosome

Answer 6

The smallest but most abundant organelle, hooks amino acids together to make

proteins. (protein factory)

Question 7

endoplasmic

reticulum

Answer 7

Clear tubes that act as a “highway”, transporting proteins and other things around the cell. Rough ER has ribosomes on it, smooth ER does not.

Question 8

mitochondria

Answer 8

The organelle does cellular respiraƟon, making ATP energy for the cell (“powerhouse”)

Question 9

chloroplasts

Answer 9

The organelle where photosynthesis takes place, only in plants and algae.

Question 10

Golgi

Complex

Answer 10

The organelle where proteins and other materials are processed and shipped out of the cell.

Question 11

vesicles

Answer 11

Membrane covered compartments that carry materials around the cell.

Question 12

vacuole

Answer 12

A large membrane covered organelle that stores water and other liquids. (HUGE in plant cells)

Question 13

lysosomes

Answer 13

Special vesicles that contain enzymes that break down old cell parts.

Question 14

nuclear membrane

Answer 14

A membrane that surrounds the nucleus and separates it from the rest of the cell

Question 15

organelles

Answer 15

Structures inside a cell that enable it to live, grow, and reproduce.