VST Reproduction Flashcards
(12 cards)
chromosomes
Rod‐shaped structures that DNA is organized into.
gene
A portion of DNA that controls the characteristics of an offspring.
mitosis
The complex process of separating duplicated chromosomes so that 2 new cells are formed.
chromatids
Two copies of a chromosome once it has been duplicated (copied) in interphase.
centromere
The point where the chromatids are connected.
spindle fibers
Fibers that connect to the centromeres of the chromosomes and that help push and pull the chromosomes apart during mitosis.
binary fission
Simple cell reproduction used by prokaryotic cells (bacteria). Means “spliƫng into two parts. “
meiosis
A form of cell division that produces sex cells, which contain HALF the normal number of chromosomes.
sex cells: egg and sperm
An egg is the female sex cell and sperm is the male sex cell; each has half the number of chromosomes
fertilization
The joining of egg and sperm.
zygote
A fertilized egg, formed by the joining of egg and sperm.
sex
chromosomes
