genetice VST

Question 1

chromosomes

Answer 1

Rod‐shaped structures that DNA is organized into.

Question 2

gene

Answer 2

A portion of DNA that controls the characteristics of an offspring.

Question 3

heredity

Answer 3

The passing of traits from parent to offspring.

Question 4

trait

Answer 4

A characteristic of an organism.

Question 5

dominant trait

Answer 5

The trait that is always expressed if the gene is present. It can hide a recessive trait. (Uppercase letters)

Question 6

recessive trait

Answer 6

The trait that is not always expressed. It recedes into the background (hidden by the dominant trait. (lowercase letters)

Question 7

allele

Answer 7

Different forms of the same gene, usually two, one from each parent.

Question 8

genotype

Answer 8

The inherited combination of alleles, represented by letters (like TT, Tt, tt).

Question 9

phenotype

Answer 9

The physical appearance of a trait (like tall or short).

Question 10

homozygous

or purebred

Answer 10

When the two alleles an organism has are the same. (TT, yy)

Question 11

heterozygous

Answer 11

When the two alleles an organism has are different. (Tt, Yy)

Question 12

incomplete

dominance

Answer 12

When neither gene in a gene pair hides the other. This results in BLENDING of the two traits. (use all capital letters)

Question 13

mutation

Answer 13

A change in DNA which may result in a change in the organism.

Question 14

Punnett Square

Answer 14

A tool used to predict the probability of the outcome of a genetic cross.