cell structure

Question 1

what structures are Located within a plant cell

Answer 1

cell wall, mitochondrion, chloroplast, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, nucleus, ribosome.

Question 2

what structures are located within an animal cell

Answer 2

mitochondrion, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosome.

Question 3

what structures are located within a fungal cell

Answer 3

cell wall, mitochondrion, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, nucleus, ribosome.

Question 4

what structures are located within a bacterial cell

Answer 4

cell wall, cell membrane, absence of organelles, ribosome and plasmid.

Question 5

what is the function of the cell wall

Answer 5

Gives the cell a rigid structure

Question 6

What is the function of the mitochondria

Answer 6

Site of aerobic respiration

Question 7

What is the function of the chloroplast

Answer 7

site of photosynthesis

Question 8

what is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 8

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 9

what is the function of the cytoplasm

Answer 9

site of many chemical reactions

Question 10

What is the function of the vacuole

Answer 10

Stores cell sap, helps control water balance

Question 11

what is the function of the nucleus

Answer 11

control cell activity contains DNA

Question 12

What is the function of the ribosome

Answer 12

site of protein synthesis

Question 13

what s the function of the plasmid

Answer 13

Ring of DNA that can be removed in genetic engineering

Question 14

what type of cells are cell walls found in

Answer 14

plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Question 15

what is the plant cell wall made up of

Answer 15

cellulose

Question 16

what is cellulose

Answer 16

a structural carbohydrate

Question 17

do cell walls in fungal and bacteria cells have the same funcion as cell walls in plants even though they are made up off different materials

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

what does the cell membrane consist of

Answer 18

proteins and phospholipids

Question 19

what does selectively permeable mean

Answer 19

it allows some substances to pass across it, but not all substances

Question 20

is their a difference in concentration between the outside of the cell and the environment that it is in

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

when does passive transport occur

Answer 21

when their is a higher concentration of substance on one side of the cell than the other

Question 22

during passive transport what does the substance move down

Answer 22

the concentration gradient

Question 23

does passive transport require energy

Answer 23

no

Question 24

what are two example of passive transport

Answer 24

diffusion and osmosis

Question 25

what is diffusion

Answer 25

diffusion is the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient from a higher concentration to a lower concentration

Question 26

do oxygen and glucose move into or out of the cell from a higher concentration

Answer 26

into

Question 27

does carbon dioxide move into or out of the cell from a higher concentration

Answer 27

out of

Question 28

what is osmosis

Answer 28

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a higher water concentration to a lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 29

what happens to animal cells as a result of osmosis

Answer 29

burst or shrink

Question 30

what happens to plant cells as a result of osmosis

Answer 30

become turgid or plasmolysed

Question 31

does active transport require energy

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

what does active transport do

Answer 32

move molecules and ions against the concentration gradient

Question 33

what is the structure of DNA

Answer 33

double-stranded helix held by complementary base pair

Question 34

what does DNA carry

Answer 34

the genetic information for making proteins

Question 35

what are the name of the four bases

Answer 35

Adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine

Question 36

within the double strand which four bases are always paired together

Answer 36

A and T, C and G

Question 37

what is the sequence of bases along a strand

Answer 37

genetic code

Question 38

what does the base sequence determine

Answer 38

amino acid sequence inside proteins

Question 39

what is a gene

Answer 39

a section of DNA that codes for a protein

Question 40

what is mRNA

Answer 40

a molecule that carries a complementary copy of the genetic code from the DNA, in the nucleus, to a ribosome, where the protein is assembled from amino acids