Overall biology

Question 1

State the 3 main roles of the skeleton

Answer 1

Support, Movement and Muscle Attachment

Question 2

Name 3 different bones in your arm

Answer 2

Humerus, Ulna and radius

Question 3

Describe the function of a tendon

Answer 3

Tendons connect muscles to bones

Question 4

Describe the function of a ligament

Answer 4

Ligaments connect bone to bone

Question 5

Give examples of a ball and socket synovial joint

Answer 5

Hip and shoulder joints

Question 6

Give examples of a hinge synovial joint

Answer 6

Knee and elbow joints

Question 7

Describe how muscles work in pairs in the arm to allow movement to flex (bend) the arm

Answer 7

The bicep contracts and the tricep relaxes

Question 8

Describe how muscles work in pairs in the arm to allow movement to extend (straighten) the arm

Answer 8

The tricep contracts and the bicep relaxes

Question 9

Correctly name 3 bones found in the leg

Answer 9

The tibia, the fibula and the femur

Question 10

In a class of 20, 12 pupils reported they had a sprained ankle. What is this as a percentage

Answer 10

60% of pupils reportedly had a sprained ankle

Question 11

At GWC 1200 pupils are in the senior school, if 35% of them have broken a bone, how many pupils would this be

Answer 11

420 pupils have broken a bone

Question 12

Muscle=45% Bone=15% Fat=15% Other tissue=25% Write the ratio of bone: muscle tissue as a simple who number ratio

Answer 12

1:3

Question 13

Name the test for starch

Answer 13

Iodine solution

Question 14

Describe the colour change for a positive starch test

Answer 14

Brown to Blue/Black or just Black (not Blue)

Question 15

Name the test for sugar

Answer 15

Benedict’s solution

Question 16

What is digestion

Answer 16

The break down of large un-soluble food molecules into smaller soluble food molecules

Question 17

Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food. name 2 places in the body where this happens

Answer 17

Mouth and stomach

Question 18

Chemical digestion involves the breakdown of large insoluble molecule into smaller soluble molecules. Where in the body does chemical digestion take place

Answer 18

Mouth, stomach and small intestine

Question 19

Where does absorption of nutrients occur

Answer 19

Oesophagus

Question 20

In an investigation into the energy of food, 1g of food was burned to heat water. Calculate the temperature change if the initial change of the water 16.5 degrees Celsius this increased to 29.5 degrees Celsius

Answer 20

An increase of 13 degrees Celcius

Question 21

Energy content of the food can be calculated using the formula 420xT (Temperature Rise) If 1g of pork was burned and the temperature increase by 50 degrees Celsius, what is the energy content of the pork

Answer 21

Energy content is 21000 units

Question 22

If 3 different foods were used in this investigation and the energy content of the food is recorded which of these is the independent variable

Answer 22

The independent variable is the type of food being tested.

Question 23

What are the small soluble molecules from the breakdown of starch called

Answer 23

Sugar or Glucose* You may remember this from the Benedict’s test

Question 24

What is the function of the heart

Answer 24

Pumps blood around the body / muscular pump.

Question 25

What is the name of the vessel which supplies the heart with oxygenated blood

Answer 25

Coronary artery.

Question 26

Explain what a cardiac arrest is

Answer 26

A cardiac arrest is when the heart suddenly stops pumping blood around your body, commonly because of a problem with electrical signals within your heart.

Question 27

Explain what a heart attack is

Answer 27

If a coronary artery becomes blocked, blood flow to the heart wall is prevented and part of the heart wall muscles dies.

Question 28

Where does the blood pump to

Answer 28

The body.

Question 29

If the casualty is not breathing what should you do after you call 999

Answer 29

Start CPR.

Question 30

What is the name of the position you place someone in after they are unconscious but breathing

Answer 30

Recovery

Question 31

What is the pulse rate measured in

Answer 31

Pulse rate is measured in beats per minute

Question 32

From the graph, how many deaths Occured due to heart disease from non smokers

Answer 32

10,000 deaths due to heart disease occurred in nonsmokers

Question 33

What is the name given to this type of graph

Answer 33

Bar chart

Question 34

Name the apparatus that can be used to restart the heart

Answer 34

An AED (defibrillator) can stop a heart that is contracting abnormally and the heart may be able to restarts itself with a normal heartbeat

Question 35

From the graph what conclusion can be drawn when comparing non smokers to cigarette smokers

Answer 35

There were three times more deaths of cigarette smokers than non smokers

Question 36

What is asexuel reproduction

Answer 36

Asexual reproduction involves one parent producing genetically similar offspring.

Question 37

What is sexual reproduction

Answer 37

sexual reproduction involves two parents having sexual intercourse to bring their gametes (sex cells) together in order to produce offspring.

Question 38

Name the part of the reproductive system that produces the gametes in the males and females

Answer 38

Testes in males and ovaries in females.

Question 39

What is the name given to the release of an egg cell from the ovary each month

Answer 39

Ovulation

Question 40

Name the parts of the male reproductive system

Answer 40

Bladder, Gland, Penis, Sperm Duct, Urethra, Testes, Foreskin, Scrotum

Question 41

Where in the female reproductive system does fertilisation occur

Answer 41

oviduct

Question 42

what is the role of the placenta

Answer 42

Allows mother and baby to exchange essential material/glucose/oxygen/urea/CO2

Question 43

name the fluid that surrounds the foetus

Answer 43

Amniotic fluid

Question 44

different breeds of dogs have different lengths of pregnancy (gestation period) what is the mean average if a pug has a 58 day period a Labrador has a 63 day period and a Dalmatian has a 60 day period

Answer 44

Mean average gestation is 60.3 days or 60 days rounded.

Question 45

what is the simple whole number ratio of gestation period for a pug compared to a Dalmatian if a pug had 58 day and a Dalmatian had 60

Answer 45

Ratio of Pug : Dalmatian is 29 : 30 (both divide by 2)

Question 46

where in flowers does fertilisation occur

Answer 46

ovary

Question 47

what forms from a fertilised ovule

Answer 47

Seed N.b flower reproduction not in the assessment but these have been taught

Question 48

what do the sense organs detect from the environment

Answer 48

Stimuli

Question 49

Describe precisely the role of the central nervous system

Answer 49

The central nervous system coordinates information from the sensory organs to control the behaviour of the organism.

Question 50

what makes up the nervous system

Answer 50

brain, spinal chord and nerves

Question 51

what makes up the central nervous system (cns)

Answer 51

brain and spinal chord

Question 52

Name the 5 sense organs

Answer 52

Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin

Question 53

label the parts of the eye

Answer 53

cornea, pupil, iris, retina, lens and optic nerve

Question 54

describe the function of the retina

Answer 54

Converts light into electrical impulses.

Question 55

describe the function of the lens

Answer 55

Focuses the light onto the retina

Question 56

explain what binocular vision is

Answer 56

Seeing with two eyes and it helps in judging direction and distance

Question 57

how do messages travel from the eye to the brain

Answer 57

Electrical impulse through the optic nerve.

Question 58

ears convert what waves into what impulses

Answer 58

sound waves into electrical impulses