Cell Structure

Question 1

Symbiosis

Answer 1

Interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association typically to the advantage of both

Question 2

Prokaryote

Answer 2

A single-celled organism that lacks a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane bound organelle

Question 3

Eukatyote

Answer 3

Any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures enclosed within membranes

Question 4

Organelle

Answer 4

any number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell

Question 5

Cell Wall

Answer 5

tough, flexible and sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells
- selectively permeable for nutrients and waste

Question 6

Cell Membrane

Answer 6

Thin, Semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell’s cytoplasm

Question 7

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 7

• Transitional area for vesicles that transport ER products to various destinations

Question 8

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 8

Synthesis and packaging of proteins

Question 9

Lysosome

Answer 9

• Membrane bound organelles found in animal and plant cells

- metabolism of materials ingested by endocytosis

Question 10

Golgi Body

Answer 10

found in all plant and animal cells and is the term given to groups of flattened disc-like structures located close to the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Mitochondria

Answer 11

• Powerhouse of the cell
• Act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell (aka ATP)

Question 12

Chloroplast

Answer 12

Organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for the photosynthesis process

Question 13

Ribosome

Answer 13

site of protein synthesis

Question 14

Vacuole

Answer 14

stores nutrients and water

Question 15

Cytoskeleton

Answer 15

A network of fibers composed of proteins contained within a cell’s cytoplasm that keeps the structure of the cell

Question 16

Cytoplasm

Answer 16

provides shape to the cell

Question 17

Nucleus

Answer 17

storage area for genetic information

Question 18

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 18

surrounds the nucleus with a double membrane with multiple pores

Question 19

Flagella

Answer 19

Tail-like projection that protrudes from the cell body of certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 20

Cilia

Answer 20

Minute hairlike organelles (identical in structure to the flagella) that line the surface of certain cells and beat in rhythmic waves

Question 21

Enzyme

Answer 21

A protein that increase the rate of reaction and acts specifically with only one reactant

Question 22

Centrosome

Answer 22

An organelle that is the main place where cell microtubules get organised

Question 23

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Answer 23

a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses

Question 24

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

Answer 24

a molecule that carries information from DNA to the ribosome

Question 25

Photosynthesis

Answer 25

a process used by plants to make their own food by converting energy from the sun into chemical energy that will later be released as fuel

Question 26

Cellular Respiration

Answer 26

allows organisms to use (and release) energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose

Question 27

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 27

Transports energy in cells

Question 28

Cellulose

Answer 28

a long chain of linked sugar molecules

Question 29

Plastids

Answer 29

Organelle found in cells of plants and algae

Question 30

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 30

Responsible for the secretion of waste products