Chemical Reactions

Question 0

Neutron

Answer 0

The part of an atom that is in the nucleus but does not have a charge

Question 1

Proton

Answer 1

The positively charged part of an atom that is in the nucleus

Question 2

Electron

Answer 2

The negatively charged part of an atom that sits on the orbitals

Question 3

Valence electrons

Answer 3

The electrons on the outermost orbital

Question 4

Covalent bond

Answer 4

A bond between two atoms who are sharing electrons

Question 5

Ionic bond

Answer 5

A bond between two atoms with opposite charges

Question 6

Atom

Answer 6

The smallest structure of a chemical element

Question 7

Element

Answer 7

Substances that cannot be converted or broken down (everything on the periodic table)

Question 8

Compound

Answer 8

Substance composed of two or

More elements

Question 9

Molecule

Answer 9

Something that is composed of two or more atoms

Question 10

Oxidation

Answer 10

The loss of electrons

Question 11

Reduction

Answer 11

The gain of electrons

Question 12

Ended going reaction

Answer 12

The reaction in which the reactants are taking in heat

Question 13

Exergonic reaction

Answer 13

The reaction in which the reactants are releasing energy

Question 14

Endothermic reaction

Answer 14

The process or reaction in which the system absorbs heat

Question 15

Exothermic reaction

Answer 15

The chemical reaction or process in which a system releases heat

Question 16

Activation energy

Answer 16

Initial energy needed to break bonds apart

Question 17

Enthalpy

Answer 17

• (H)

- The total energy in a system

Question 18

Entropy

Answer 18

• (S)

- the amount of disorder in a system

Question 19

Gibbs Free Energy

Answer 19

• The release of energy and the energy that is release is now available to the cell to do something with
• The energy associated with chance in Enthalpy minus the change in entropy
• G = H - TS

Question 20

Chemical reaction

Answer 20

Process in which a substance goes from reactants to products

Question 21

Redox reactions

Answer 21

The loss or gain of electrons

Question 22

Reactant

Answer 22

The initial substance

Question 23

Reducing agent

Answer 23

The atom that looses electrons but is oxidized

Question 24

Oxidizing agent

Answer 24

The atom that receives electrons but is reduced

Question 25

Metals on the left hand side

Answer 25

Reducing agents

Question 26

Nonmetals on the right hand side

Answer 26

Oxidizing agents

Question 27

Physical evidence of a reaction

Answer 27

Color change Formation of a solid (precipitate) within a clear solution Evidence of a gas Absorption of heat

Question 28

Reactants

Answer 28

The substance at the start of the reaction

Question 29

Intermediates

Answer 29

Substantial formed from the initial material before the final product

Question 30

Products

Answer 30

The substance at the end of a reaction

Question 31

Potential energy

Answer 31

The energy that a substance has to create a reaction

Question 32

Thermodynamics

Answer 32

The study of heat change

Question 33

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 33

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred

Question 34

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 34

Things like entropy (disorder)

Question 35

Cellular respiration

Answer 35

How we get energy from what we eat (glucose); from glucose to energy. The energy is used for heat and ATP - Exergonic reaction

Question 36

Enzyme

Answer 36

- typically a protein | - decreases the activation energy

Question 37

Substrate specific

Answer 37

The name of an enzyme that can only sit a specific shaped reactant

Question 38

Active site

Answer 38

The part of the enzyme that fits the reactant

Question 39

Induced-fit model

Answer 39

The process of an enzyme taking a reactant and creating a product

Question 40

Photosynthesis

Answer 40

The process of a plant making it's own food; and endergonic reaction

Question 41

Metabolism

Answer 41

The process of tearing down and building up a new product after rearrangement (think little Lego duck to big Lego cow)

Question 42

Metabolic pathway

Answer 42

Series of chemical reactions that build a complex molecule or real down complex molecule

Question 43

Metabolic pathway that builds up:

Answer 43

Photosynthesis

Question 44

Metabolic pathway that breaks down

Answer 44

Cellular respiration

Question 45

Example of endothermic reaction

Answer 45

Baking soda and vinegar

Question 46

Example of exothermic reaction:

Answer 46

Yeast and hydrogen peroxide