🧫cell transport mechanisms Flashcards
(21 cards)
🧫What is the name of the phospholipid bilayer that is semi-permeable?
Plasma membrane.
🧫What is the bilayer made of?
Phospholipids.
🧫 What are the two features of phospholipids?
Hydrophilic head, and hydrophobic tail.
🧫 What does hydrophilic and hydrophobic mean?
Hydrophilic means does like water. Hydrophobic doesn’t like water.
🧫 What does the fluid mosaic model represent? FLEXELAS EMBED P ON SURF & INTER
A flexible elastic layer embedded with proteins on the surface and integrated in the layer.
🧫 What is in between the hydrophobic tails?
Cholesterol.
🧫 What does the cholesterol between the hydrophobic tails do? More less crystal.
Makes them more rigid, less permeable to small molecules and separates so they don’t crystalize.
🧫 What’s the main difference between active and passive transport?
Passive transport doesn’t require any energy input. Active transport does.
🧫 What does the energy for active transport come in the form of?
ATP. - adenosine triphosphate
🧫 What are the two types of active transport?
Pumps and vesicular.
🧫 What happens in pumps active transport? (Move, ec, c)
Ions move against the concentration gradient by creating an electrochemical gradient, this produces electrical charges to move ions.
🧫 During pumps active transport, what happens to the ATP?
ATP donates one phosphate group and becomes ADP which makes the pump work.
🧫 What happens in vesicular transport? EXOTAXI
Exocytosis, where substances leave the cell. Large molecules are packaged into vesicles by the Golgi apparatus.
🧫 In exocytosis, after large molecules are packaged into vesicles by the Golgi apparatus, where do they travel and what do they do?
They travel and bind to the membrane where the contents are released
🧫 Where is ATP produced? CEO OF CELLS
In the mitochondria
🧫 In osmosis when water molecules slip through the membrane, what do they pass through?
Aquapores
🧫 Why would water molecules want to pass through the membrane?
To balance out the concentration on the other side, if it is not balanced
🧫 What struggles to pass through the membrane easily so they have to go through protein channels? 👁️
Ions
🧫 What are the two types of protein channels? LG
Describe both
Leaked channels are open 24/7
Gated channels that open in a response to a stimulus
🧫 How do small polar molecules and amino acids pass through the membrane?
By attaching to carrier proteins which carry material through by changing shape
What is vesicular transport?
When substances move in and out of the cell using vesicles
