Cell unit Flashcards
differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
prokaryotic cell
-nuclear membrane absent
-memebrane bound organelles absent
-70s ribosomes
- mesosomes/cell membrane responsible for respiratory enzymes
-haploid
-flagella made of flagellin and less complex
-histones are absent
-false( single, circular,double stranded naked,g-c rich) chromomes
-sap vacuoles absent but gas vacuole may be present
-cyclosis absent
- examples
eukaryotic cell
-nuclear membrane present
-membrane bound organelles present
-80/70s ribosomes
-mitochondria/cytoplasm resp. for respiratory enzymes
-haploid/diploid/polyploid
-flagella made of tubulin and more complex
-histones present
-true chromosomes
-sap vacuoles are present( large in plant,small in animals)
-cyclosis is present
define cyclosis
movement of cytoplasm for the intracellular transpport of materails
differentiate b/w plant and animal cell
plant cell doesnt have centrioles, except in lower organisms, have cellwall, plastid,cellwall
animal cell have centrioles, no plastic, no cell wall, no large sap vacuole
wrt to plant cell, define
(i) protoplasm
(ii)protoplast
(iii)nucleoplasm
(iv)deutoplasm
(v)trophoplasm
(vi)hyaloplasm
(i) it is the cytoplasm and nucleuoplasm w/o cell wall and cell membrane. It is the living part of the cell
(ii) It is the part of the cell without cell wall alone( cell membrane including)
(iii) nucleoplasm is the cytoplasm within nuclear membrane
(iv) These are dead strcutures required for storing addditional nutrional requirements. inclusion bodies
(v)living membraneous strucutres cell organelles
(v) cytosol/ fluid matrix of cytoplasm
describe tertiary cell wall
present only in tracheids of gymnosperm
- hemicellulose
describe plasmodesmata
it is actually the E.R of one cell that extends out like a tubule and connects the E.R of the next cell. This tubule of the E.R connnecting the two cells is called desmotubule.
The cytoplasm do not meet because it is blocked by some protein
give the % of lipid.protein,carbs in rbc cell membrane
lipid(main component): 40%
protein: 52%
carbs: 7
phospholipids are amphipathic molecules why
the head of the molecule is ionic, and hydrophilic
while the tail of the molecule is covalent and hydrophobic.
The overall hydrophilic,hydrophobic and hence amphipathic
where are porins found
mitochondria, chloroplast prokaryotes.
types of intrinsic proteins
-> transmembrane protein
-> tunnel protein
-> channel protein(helps in transport of substance, also called carrier proteins)
-> pump protein
what is the overall nature of cell membrane
hydrophobic
what are types of endocytosis
phagocytosis( eating
penocytosis(drinking
what are hopanoids
these are like cholestrol but in a prokaryotic cell. they provide stability to the cell membrane
what do cholestrols do
these are type of sterol. provide stability to the cell membrane.
what is spectrin proteins
provides mechanical support
attaches to intrinsic proteins
