cells

Question 1

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 1

The nucleus houses the cell’s genetic material and controls cellular activities.

Question 2

True or False: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 3

ribosome

Question 4

Which organelle is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins?

Answer 4

Golgi apparatus

Question 5

What is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 5

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
A) Mitochondria
B) Chloroplast
C) Endoplasmic Reticulum
D) Golgi Apparatus

Answer 6

B) Chloroplast

Question 7

What structure surrounds the eukaryotic cell and controls the movement of substances in and out?

Answer 7

Cell membrane

Question 8

True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.

Answer 9

cytoskeleton

Question 10

What role do peroxisomes play in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 10

Peroxisomes break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances.

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A) Lipid synthesis
B) Protein synthesis
C) Detoxification
D) Calcium storage

Answer 11

B) Protein synthesis

Question 12

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 12

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins.

Question 13

True or False: Ribosomes can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the site of ATP production in the cell.

Answer 14

mitochondria

Question 15

What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?

Answer 15

The cell wall provides structure and protection to the plant cell.

Question 16

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for the degradation of cellular waste?
A) Nucleus
B) Lysosome
C) Ribosome
D) Chloroplast

Answer 16

B) Lysosome

Question 17

What is the role of vacuoles in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 17

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Question 18

True or False: Chloroplasts are found in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a double-membrane organelle that contains its own DNA and is involved in energy production.

Answer 19

mitochondrion

Question 20

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 20

The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell where organelles are suspended and metabolic processes occur.

Question 21

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is primarily involved in detoxifying harmful substances?
A) Mitochondria
B) Peroxisomes
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Ribosome

Answer 21

B) Peroxisomes

Question 22

True or False: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for synthesizing lipids.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the primary function of the nucleolus?

Answer 23

The nucleolus is responsible for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome assembly.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a membrane-bound organelle that contains digestive enzymes.

Answer 24

lysosome

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which component of the cytoskeleton is responsible for cell movement? A) Microtubules B) Intermediate filaments C) Actin filaments D) All of the above

Answer 25

D) All of the above

Question 26

For actively dividing cells, the cell cycle consists of 4 stages:

Answer 26

G1, S, G2, M

Question 27

Cells that do not divide spend all their time in an offshoot of G1 called

Answer 27

G0

Question 28

What happens during the G0 phase?

Answer 28

the cell is simply living and serving a function, without an preparation for division

Question 29

g1, s, and g2 are collectively known as

Answer 29

interphase

Question 30

What happened during the g1 stage? (Presynthetic gap?)

Answer 30

the cells create organelles for energy and protein production, while also increasing their size

Question 31

What happens during the s phase

Answer 31

synthesis of DNA; the cell replicates its genetic material so that each daughter will have identical copies.

Question 32

During the S phase, what happens after replication of genetic material?

Answer 32

each chromosome consists of 2 identical chromatids that are bound together at a specialized region known as the centromere.

Question 33

What happens during the G2 stage?

Answer 33

its the postsynthetic gap; the cell passes through another quality control checkpoint. DNA has been duplicated, and the cells check to ensure that there are enough organelles and cytoplasm to divide between 2 daughter cells.

Question 34

What happens during the M stage?

Answer 34

consists of mitosis itself along with cytokinesis,

Question 35

mitosis is divided into 4 phases:

Answer 35

prophase metaphase anaphase cytokinesis

Question 36

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 36

the splitting of the cytoplasm and organelles into 2 daughter cells

Question 37

The term chromosome may be used to refer to either:

Answer 37

A single chromatid before the s phase or the pair of chromatids attached at the centromere after S phase

Question 38

prophase

Answer 38

the DNA strands condense to form visible chromosomes, spindles form

Question 39

metaphase

Answer 39

chromosomes line up on the central axis of the dividing cell and become attached to the spindle fiber

Question 40

anaphase

Answer 40

sister chromatids separate

Question 41

telophase

Answer 41

final stage of mitosis/meiosis during which the chromosomes uncoil, nuclear membranes reform, and cytokinesis occurs.

Question 42

What does FH and LH do in males sexual development?

Answer 42

FSH-stimulates Sertoli cells and triggers sperm maturation LH- causes interstitial cells to produce testosterone

Question 43

Estrogen

Answer 43

is secreted in response to FSH, and they result in the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and female secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 44

Progesterone is secreted by the ----- in response to ------

Answer 44

Progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum in response to LH

Question 45

the menstrual cycle can be divided into 4 events

Answer 45

1) follicular phase 2) ovulation 3) luteal phase 4) menstruation