endocrine

Question 1

What is the primary function of the hormones sent to the anterior pituitary gland by the hypothalamus?

Answer 1

To regulate the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 2

Name one hormone produced by the hypothalamus that stimulates the anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 2

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 3

True or False: The hypothalamus directly secretes hormones into the bloodstream.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What hormone released by the hypothalamus stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 4

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The hypothalamus releases _______ to promote the secretion of growth hormone (GH).

Answer 5

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Question 6

Which hormone from the hypothalamus inhibits the secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 6

Dopamine (Prolactin-inhibiting hormone)

Question 7

List two hormones that the hypothalamus sends to the anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 7

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 8

What hormone is responsible for stimulating the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Answer 8

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 9

True or False: The anterior pituitary gland can function without hormones from the hypothalamus.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is the role of somatostatin released by the hypothalamus?

Answer 10

To inhibit the release of growth hormone (GH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Question 11

Which hormone regulates the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones?

Answer 11

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 12

What is the effect of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) on the anterior pituitary?

Answer 12

It stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The hypothalamic hormone _______ is crucial for promoting lactation by stimulating prolactin release.

Answer 13

Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH)

Question 14

Which hormone acts as a feedback inhibitor to control the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?

Answer 14

Estrogen and testosterone

Question 15

What type of feedback mechanism primarily regulates hormone release from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 15

Negative feedback

Question 16

True or False: The hypothalamus secretes hormones into the posterior pituitary gland.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Name the hypothalamic hormone that has an antagonistic effect to prolactin.

Answer 17

Dopamine

Question 18

What effect does growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) have on the anterior pituitary?

Answer 18

It stimulates the secretion of growth hormone (GH).

Question 19

Which hypothalamic hormone is involved in regulating stress response?

Answer 19

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The hypothalamus releases _______ to stimulate the anterior pituitary to produce TSH.

Answer 20

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 21

What is the primary role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?

Answer 21

To stimulate the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary.

Question 22

True or False: All hormones sent to the anterior pituitary are stimulatory.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Answer 23

To stimulate the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.

Question 24

Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus to help regulate metabolism?

Answer 24

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 25

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in relation to the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 25

The hypothalamus produces hormones that are stored and released by the posterior pituitary gland.

Question 26

Name one hormone that the hypothalamus sends to the posterior pituitary gland.

Answer 26

Oxytocin.

Question 27

True or False: The posterior pituitary gland produces its own hormones.

Answer 27

False.

Question 28

What is the other major hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland, besides oxytocin?

Answer 28

Vasopressin (also known as Antidiuretic Hormone, ADH).

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The hypothalamus communicates with the posterior pituitary gland via _______.

Answer 29

Neurosecretory cells.

Question 30

What triggers the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 30

Stimuli such as childbirth and breastfeeding.

Question 31

What is the primary role of vasopressin in the body?

Answer 31

To regulate water balance by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys.

Question 32

True or False: Oxytocin is involved in social bonding and emotional responses.

Answer 32

True.

Question 33

What effect does vasopressin have on blood vessels?

Answer 33

It causes vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure.

Question 34

Multiple Choice: Which hormone is primarily involved in facilitating uterine contractions during labor? A) Vasopressin B) Oxytocin C) Cortisol

Answer 34

B) Oxytocin.

Question 35

Short Answer: How are oxytocin and vasopressin synthesized?

Answer 35

They are synthesized in the hypothalamus.

Question 36

What is the role of neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus?

Answer 36

They transport hormones to the posterior pituitary gland for storage and release.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: Oxytocin is often referred to as the '______ hormone' due to its role in bonding.

Answer 37

Love.

Question 38

True or False: Both oxytocin and vasopressin are peptides.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

What physiological response is triggered by the release of vasopressin?

Answer 39

Increased water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Question 40

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of oxytocin? A) Milk ejection B) Social bonding C) Blood pressure regulation

Answer 40

C) Blood pressure regulation.

Question 41

Short Answer: What condition can result from a deficiency of vasopressin?

Answer 41

Diabetes insipidus.

Question 42

What feedback mechanism regulates the release of oxytocin during childbirth?

Answer 42

Positive feedback.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: Vasopressin is also known as _______.

Answer 43

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Question 44

True or False: Oxytocin has a role in promoting maternal behaviors.

Answer 44

True.

Question 45

What is the effect of stress on the release of vasopressin?

Answer 45

Stress can increase the release of vasopressin.

Question 46

Multiple Choice: Which hormone is primarily responsible for reducing urine output? A) Cortisol B) Vasopressin C) Insulin

Answer 46

B) Vasopressin.

Question 47

What role does oxytocin play in lactation?

Answer 47

It stimulates milk ejection from the mammary glands.

Question 48

Fill in the blank: The hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland are part of the _______ system.

Answer 48

Endocrine.