Cells Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the 6 characteristics of live things?
Made of cells, obtain energy, grow and develop, reproduce, DNA, sense and responf
Made of cells, obtain energy, grow and develop, reproduce, DNA, sense and respond
What is a cell?
A membrane-covered structure that contains all the materials necessary for life.
What are the two types of cells?
Unicellular – one cell; Multicellular – many cells.
What is cell specialization?
Some cells only perform certain functions.
What does DNA contain?
DNA contains the instructions for making proteins.
Where is DNA located in prokaryotes?
In prokaryotes, DNA is located in the cytoplasm.
Where is DNA located in eukaryotes?
In eukaryotes, DNA is located in the nucleus.
What are chromosomes?
Chromosomes are bundles of DNA.
What is heredity?
Heredity is the passing of traits from one generation to the next.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable environment.
What is reproduction?
Reproduction is a biological process in which organisms make other organisms similar to themselves.
What is sexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves two parents each providing a sex cell, resulting in offspring that share characteristics of both parents.
Most animals and plants reproduce this way.
What is asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is when a single organism reproduces without another, producing offspring that are identical to the parent.
Most single-celled organisms reproduce this way.
What does it mean to adapt and evolve?
Animals adapt characteristics that help them survive in their environment through evolution; these are called adaptations.
What is cell theory?
Cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the most basic unit of life, and new cells are produced from preexisting cells.
What are organelles?
Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific cellular functions.
What are the two types of Endoplasmic reticulum?
The two types of Endoplasmic reticulum are smooth and rough.
What is the function of smooth Endoplasmic reticulum?
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes and is responsible for assembling parts of the cell membrane (making lipids) and breaking down toxins.
What is the function of rough Endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on its surface and serves as the site for protein synthesis and transports proteins within the cell.
What are lysosomes?
Lysosomes are vesicles filled with enzymes that break down nutrients for use by the cell, break down worn-out cell parts, and recycle waste.
What is the function of vacuoles?
Vacuoles temporarily store materials such as nutrients and water.
What is the role of mitochondria?
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, where cellular respiration occurs, releasing energy from nutrients and converting food energy into ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate).
