Cells

Question 1

3 Types of Microscopes

Answer 1

1. compound light microscope
2. scanning election microscope
3. transmission electron micorscope

Question 2

Central Vacuoles

Answer 2

• found in plants

- store water so cell can maintain pressure

Question 3

Contractile Vacuole

Answer 3

• found in protists

- release water so organism can contract and expand

Question 4

Vacuoles

Answer 4

storage areas for the cell

Question 5

Scientist studied animal cell/year

Answer 5

Theodor Schwann

1839

Question 6

Scientist studied plant cell/year

Answer 6

Matthias Schleiden

1838

Question 7

Scientist discovered cells/year

Answer 7

Robert Hook

1665

Question 8

Evidence of Endosymbiotic Theory

Answer 8

1. double membranes
2. circular DNA
3. reproduce by binary fission
4. same size as bacteria

Question 9

Cristae

Answer 9

inner membrane folds of mitochondria

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

inside portion of the cell with both cytosol and organelles

Question 11

In cells, the _______ grows faster than the _____.

Answer 11

volumes, surface area

Question 12

_____ cells have less surface area than ______ cells.

Answer 12

large, small

Question 13

Detox

Answer 13

smooth ER in liver

Question 14

Attached to Nucleus

Answer 14

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Smooth ER

Answer 15

• no ribosomes

- synthesis of lipids and carbs

Question 16

Rough ER

Answer 16

• contains ribosomes

- synthesis of proteins

Question 17

Ribosomes

Answer 17

• free floating

- on rough ER

Question 18

Location of Protein Synthesis

Answer 18

ribosomes

Question 19

Prokaryotes Reproduce by….

Answer 19

binary fission

Question 20

Lysosome

Answer 20

• digests waste

- aid in phagocytosis and intracellular digestion

Question 21

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 21

• secretion of proteins to other cells

- synthesis of carbs

Question 22

Site of Convergence of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

Answer 22

rough ER

Question 23

Contain Hydrolytic Enzymes

Answer 23

lysosome

Question 24

Has Circular DNA

Answer 24

• prokaryote
• mitochondria
• chloroplast

Question 25

2 Reasons for Chromosomes

Answer 25

1. organization | 2. save space

Question 26

Nucleus

Answer 26

- command and control center of the cell | - stores DNA

Question 27

Powerhouse of the Cell

Answer 27

mitochondria

Question 28

Plasmodesmata

Answer 28

open channels in the cell wall of plants

Question 29

Nuclear Pores

Answer 29

permit materials (protein and RNA) to pass in and out of nucleus

Question 30

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 30

double membrane around the nucleus

Question 31

Fluid in a Chloroplast

Answer 31

stroma

Question 32

Performs Photosynthesis

Answer 32

chloroplast

Question 33

Produces ATP

Answer 33

- mitochondria | - chloroplast

Question 34

Endosymbiotic Theory

Answer 34

one prokaryote ate another and kept it alive to generate ATP

Question 35

Endomembrane System

Answer 35

each cell and all organelles with the cell have their own membrane

Question 36

Prokaryotic cells have no....

Answer 36

organelles

Question 37

Shape of Prokaryote DNA

Answer 37

circular

Question 38

Chloroplast Internal Membranes

Answer 38

thylakoids

Question 39

Cytosol

Answer 39

fluid-like material that fills the cell

Question 40

Cell Membrane aka....

Answer 40

phospholipid bilayer

Question 41

Cytology

Answer 41

study of cells

Question 42

Type of Cell Contains Ribosomes

Answer 42

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 43

Total Magnification

Answer 43

ocular x objective

Question 44

Performs Cellular Respiration

Answer 44

mitochondria

Question 45

View Internal Components of Cells

Answer 45

1. compound light microscope | 2. transmission electron microscope

Question 46

Views surface of the specimen coated in metal

Answer 46

scanning electron microscope

Question 47

Chromosomes

Answer 47

- found inside nucleus | - packaged DNA segments and associated proteins

Question 48

Cell Membrane

Answer 48

- plasma | - encases the cell

Question 49

Stacks of Thylakoids

Answer 49

grana

Question 50

Cytoskeleton

Answer 50

network of protein fibers that form shape and support

Question 51

Nucleolus

Answer 51

- inside nucleus | - location of ribosome synthesis