Photosynthesis

Question 1

Photosystems

Answer 1

Photosystem II Photosystem I
First second
P-680 P-700
gets e- from H2O gets e- from P680
produces ATP produces NADPH

Question 2

3 Steps of Photosynthesis

Answer 2

1. capture sunlight
2. produce ATP and NADPH
3. build carbohydrates (glucose)

Question 3

Photorespiration and Rubisco

Answer 3

once photorespiration occurs, rubisco (whore) will hook up with whatever is around like excess O2. Creates more O2, can’t be released, plants wilt

Question 4

Photorespiration

Answer 4

• occurs when plants are too hot

- C3 plants close stomata to prevent water loss, but also blocks gas exchange so bad!

Question 5

Photosynthesis Equation

Answer 5

6CO2 + 12H2O + light —–> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

Question 6

Reforming RuBP

Answer 6

remaining molecules used to form RuBP

*requires ATP

Question 7

Chlorophyll

Answer 7

• pigments
• act as an antenna to capture energy from sunlight
• pass captured energy between them

Question 8

Why did the spinach float after being in sunlight?

Answer 8

photosynthesis releasing O2

Question 9

5 Steps in the Photosystem

Answer 9

1. light energy captured by chlorophyll pigments
2. energy passed along pigments to reaction center
3. reaction center releases excited e- which goes to electron receptor (photoexcitation)
4. excited e- passes down electron transport chain producing ATP and NADPH
5. excited e- lost is then replace by e- donor
   * PS II = H2O
   * PS I = P680

Question 10

Wavelength

Answer 10

measure peak to peak

• large wavelength = low energy
• small wavelength = high energy

Question 11

2 Photosystems, 2 Electron Transport Chains

Answer 11

light dependent reactions

Question 12

Light travels in _____ and _______.

Answer 12

particles and waves

Question 13

Physics of Light

Answer 13

visible light travels in waves and particles photons

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Answer 14

• plants, algae capture sunlight energy

- ultimate goal is building glucose

Question 15

Carbon Fixation

Answer 15

• carbon from CO2 in the air is attached to RuBP

- aided by Rubisco

Question 16

CAM Photosynthesis

Answer 16

C4 at night

C3 during the day

Question 17

Photosystem

Answer 17

• blueberry
• starting point of photosynthesis
• network of pigments in the top membrane of the thylakoid

Question 18

Rubisco

Answer 18

most abundant enzyme in the living world

HOE!

Question 19

Reaction occurs in the stroma

Answer 19

light independent

Question 20

C3 vs C4 leafs

Answer 20

C3 = have a central vein with branches
C4 = parallel venation

Question 21

Visible Light Spectrum

Answer 21

human eyes can only perceive immediate energy levels

Question 22

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 22

the possible range of energy levels

Question 23

Calvin Cycle Recycles

Answer 23

ADP and NADP go back to light dependent reaction loop

Question 24

Accessory Pigments

Answer 24

• absorb light that chlorophyll does not
• give color to flowers, fruit, vegetables
• masked by chlorophyll until fall

Question 25

C4 Photosynthesis

Answer 25

plants that adapted to hot climate | *sugarcane, corn, many grasses

Question 26

Light Dependant Reactions

Answer 26

- take place only in the presence of light | - produce ATP and NADPH

Question 27

Light Independant Reactions

Answer 27

- can occur in light or dark - formation of organic molecules (glucose) - AKA Calvin Cycle

Question 28

Photons

Answer 28

light is comprised of packets or particles of energy

Question 29

Pigments

Answer 29

molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of sunlight

Question 30

We see colors that are ______ and not _______.

Answer 30

reflected, not absorbed | *plants are green because they DO NOT absorb that color

Question 31

CAM Plants

Answer 31

- can also survive in hot climates - succulent plants (water storing) * cacti, pineapple

Question 32

The Calvin Cycle needs to repeat ___ times to form one glucose.

Answer 32

6

Question 33

Leaf Structure

Answer 33

- cuticle: superficial coating - epidermis: top layer of cells - mesophyll: middle layer of cells - stoma: tiny openings on bottom of leaf for gas and water exchange - cell: unit of life - chloroplast: organelle performs photosynthesis

Question 34

Making Sugars

Answer 34

carbons go through a series of reactions to make glucose | *requires ATP and NADPH

Question 35

Bundle Sheath Cells

Answer 35

C4 plants do not run out of CO2 because these cells are like little bank vaults and keep a private reserve

Question 36

Plants: ______ in | ______ out

Answer 36

CO2 in | O2 out

Question 37

Stoma vs Stomata vs Stroma

Answer 37

stoma- single opening on leaf surface stomata- plural version of stoma stroma- fluid in chloroplast

Question 38

3 Stages of Calvin Cycle

Answer 38

1. carbon fixation 2. making sugar 3. reforming RuBP

Question 39

3 Parts of Chloroplast

Answer 39

thylakoid: pancake grana: stack of pancakes stroma: syrup