Cells And Control

Question 1

What do chromosomes contain

Answer 1

They Contain Genetic Informations

Question 2

What are Chromosomes

Answer 2

Cooled up lengths of DNA Molecules

Question 3

Body cells Normally have 2 copies of each chromosomes what is this called and where are they from

Answer 3

They are called diploid Cells and 23 comes from your mother and the other 23 comes from your dad

Question 4

What does the cell cycle do

Answer 4

Makes new cells for growth and Repair

Question 5

The stage of the cell cycle when the cell divides is called what

Answer 5

Mitosis

Question 6

What is mitosis used for

Answer 6

Used for growth and repair

Question 7

Some organisms use mitosis to reproduce what is known as…

Answer 7

Asexual reproduction

Question 8

What are the stages of the cell cycle

Answer 8

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 9

What happens during interphase

Answer 9

DNA is spread out in long strings and forms x shaped chromosomes , the cell makes copies of itself

Question 10

What happens during prophase

Answer 10

Membrane around the nucleus break down

Question 11

What happens during metaphase

Answer 11

Chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell

Question 12

What happens during anaphase

Answer 12

Each chromosomes split in half and pulled to opposite ends of the cell

Question 13

What happens during telophase

Answer 13

Membranes form around each new set of chromosomes

Question 14

What happens during cytokinesis

Answer 14

Cytoplasms and cell membranes divide

Question 15

What is growth

Answer 15

It’s an increase in size or mass

Question 16

What does growth involve

Answer 16

Cell division, elongation and differentiation

Question 17

All growth in animals happen by what

Answer 17

By cell division

Question 18

Plants grow by what..

Answer 18

They grow by cell division and cell differentiation

Question 19

What is Cell elongation

Answer 19

It’s when a plant cell expand making the cell bigger

Question 20

Development in animals and plants happen by what…

Answer 20

Happens by cell differentiation

Question 21

What is cell differentiation

Answer 21

How a cell changes to become adapted to its job

Question 22

An organisms DNA controls what

Answer 22

How quickly cells divide by mitosis

Question 23

What are percentile charted used for

Answer 23

Used to monitor growth

Question 24

Cells differentiate (change) to be become what?

Answer 24

To become specialised cells

Question 25

Undifferentiated Cells are called what..

Answer 25

Stem cells

Question 26

Where can stem cells be found

Answer 26

They can be found in animal embryos called embryonic stem cells

Question 27

What are embryonic stem cells important for

Answer 27

They are important for growth and development of organisms

Question 28

Adult stem cells can only produce what..

Answer 28

Certain types of specialised cells

Question 29

In animals what are adult stem cells used to replace

Answer 29

Used to replace damaged cells e.g. to make new skin cells

Question 30

Plants have a tissue called what..

Answer 30

Meristems

Question 31

What do meristems contain

Answer 31

Plant stem cells

Question 32

Where are meristems found in

Answer 32

They are found in areas of a plant that is growing e.g. roots

Question 33

What else are stem cells used in

Answer 33

Can be used in medicine

Question 34

What is the nervous system made up of

Answer 34

Nerve cells (neurones)

Question 35

What does the body have a lot of in the nervous system

Answer 35

Sensory receptors

Question 36

What are sensory receptors

Answer 36

They are groups of cells that can detect a change in your environment

Question 37

# Fill in the Blanks When a S_________ is detected by R___________ The information is C__________ to A N__________ I_________

Answer 37

1.Sensory 2.Receptors 3.Converted 4 Nervous Impulse

Question 38

The nervous impulse from stimulus to receptors is sent along from where to where

Answer 38

Sent along sensory neurones to the CNS

Question 39

Impulses Travel through the CNS along which neurones

Answer 39

Relay neurone

Question 40

What do all neurones have

Answer 40

A cell body Dendrites or dendrons Axon

Question 41

What are axon

Answer 41

Extensions that carry nervous impulses away from the cell body

Question 42

Some axons are surrounded by a fatty material called what

Answer 42

Myelin Sheath

Question 43

What is the function of myelin sheath

Answer 43

Speeds up electrical impulses

Question 44

What is the function of the sensory neurones

Answer 44

Carries impulses from receptors to CNS

Question 45

What is the function of motor neurone

Answer 45

Carries impulses from CNS to effectors

Question 46

What is the function of the relay neurones

Answer 46

Carries impulses through the CNS

Question 47

What is a Synapse

Answer 47

It’s where 2 neurones join together

Question 48

When a electrical impulses reach a synapse what happens next

Answer 48

Chemicals called neurotransmitters move across the gap

Question 49

What does neurotransmitters set off in the next neurone

Answer 49

They set off new electrical impulses in the next neurone

Question 50

What are reflexes

Answer 50

Reflexes are automatic (they happen without you thinking) This makes them quicker than normal responses

Question 51

What do reflexes help stop doing and give an example

Answer 51

They help you stop injuring yourself e.g. move your hand from a hot iron

Question 52

What is a reflex arc

Answer 52

It’s the passage of info in a reflex (from receptor to effector)

Question 53

Where do the neurones in a reflex arc go through..

Answer 53

They go through the spinal cord or an unconscious part of the brain

Question 54

Give an example of how a reflex arc would work

Answer 54

Bee stings your fingers 1) Bee sting detected by sensory receptors 2) impulses are are sent along a sensory to the CNS 3) In the CNS, Relay neurone passes on the impulses from sensory to motor 4) Impulses are sent along motor neurone to the effector 5) effector is a muscle. It contracts to move your hand away from the bee