Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Edexcel GCSE Biology - Foundation > Key Concepts Of Biology > Flashcards

Key Concepts Of Biology Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are all living things made of?

A

Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s the difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells?

A
  • Eukaryotic Cells are complex

- Prokaryotic cells are Smaller and simpler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name 2 eukaryotic cells

A

Animal and Plant cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name a prokaryotic Cells

A

Bacteria Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a sub cellular structures

A

It is the different part of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name 5 sub-cellular structures in an Animal Cells and what is their function

A

Nucleus- Contains DNA which Controls the cells- Stored in structures called chromosomes

Cytoplasms- where most chemical reactions happens

Cell membrane- Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out

Mitochondria- where aerobic respiration
happens, releases energy for the cell

Ribosomes-join amino acids together to make protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Plant cells have the same 5 sub cellular structures as the animal plants but there are 3 more what are they and what it’s function

A

Cell wall- Made of Celluose and supports the cell and strengths it

Chloroplasts- where photosynthesis happens, which makes food for plants

Vacuole- stores a cell sap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does a bacterial cell have the an animal and plant cell doesn’t have

A

Flagellum
Plasmid DNA
Chromosal DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a specialised Cells

A

Cells with a structure that makes them to its job

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are egg and sperm cells specialised for

A

Specialised for reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens to the egg and sperm cell in sexual reproduction

A
  • Egg and sperm cell combine

- Creates a fertilised egg which develops into an embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the egg cell and Sperm cells

A

Egg cells-Carry female DNA and feed the embryo

Sperm cells- Carry Male DNA to the egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does and egg cell have?

A

Cell membranes
Nucleus
Cytoplasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does a sperm cell have and what’s it’s function

A

Tail- Swims to the egg

Acrosome- stored enzymes that digest through membrane

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are cilliated epithelial Cells specialised for

A

Specialised for moving material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of cilia

A

They move substances by beating them along the surface of the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does some epilthelial cells contain

A

Cillia at the top surface of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How are Cells studied

A

Using a microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the difference between a light and electron microscopes

A

Light microscopes can let you see different part of a cell

Electron microscopes male specimen look bigger and show more detail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the formula for magnification

A

Image size = image size
——————
Real Size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the equation for total magnification

Study These Flashcards
A

Total Magnification = eyepiece lens x objective

lens

22
Q

What are Enzymes

Study These Flashcards
A

Catalysts produced by Living things

23
Q

What does the word Biological catalyst mean

Study These Flashcards
A

They speed but electrical reactions in living organisms

24
Q

What is a substrate

Study These Flashcards
A

A molecule that gets changed in a chemical reaction

25
What is the active site
The part where it joins on its substrate to catalyse the reaction
26
Enzymes are a substrate specific what does that mean
Means they only work with one substrate
27
Why do enzymes have a specific substrate?
For the enzyme to work it has to fit into the active site
28
What do enzymes catalyse
They catalyse breakdown and synthetic reactions
29
Proteins,lipids and some carbohydrates are what type of molecules
They are Big Molecules
30
What organisms need to break down and give an example
Organisms often need to break down big molecules into smaller ones e.g. digestion
31
What do organisms need to synthesis (make)
Make big to small molecules e.g. make new cells
32
Carbohydrates break what and give example
Breaks carbohydrates into simple sugars E.g. amylase is a type of carbohydrase which breaks down starch
33
What do proteases break down
Proteases break down protein into amino acids
34
Lipases break down what
Lipases break down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
35
What is the optimum
Maximum point(at the top of the graph)
36
What is denatured
The shape of the active site has Changed differently
37
The higher the substrate concentration...
The faster the reaction
38
What is the equation of rate of reaction
Rate= 1000 ——— Time
39
Calculate the rate of reaction which finished 80 secs use the unit s-1
Rate= 1000 ——— Time 1000 ——— = 12.5 80
40
What is diffusion
Spreading out of particles from a high to low concentration
41
What is osmosis
Movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from less to more concentrated
42
What is a partially permeable membrane
A membrane with small holes in it
43
Where does water pass through in osmosis
Passes both ways through a membrane
44
Which molecules can pass through the membrane and which ones can’t and why
Small molecules can pass and big molecules can’t because the big ones can’t pass through the wholes whereas the small can fit through the hole
45
Because the osmosis is water going from less to more concentrated what does it mean for the more concentrated side?
The more concentrated gets more diluted
46
What is Active Transport
Movement of particles across a membrane from low to high concentration
47
Active transport moves particles against what ?
A concentration gradient
48
What does active transport also require and what is it released by?
It requires energy, which is released by respiration
49
When doing a practical on investigating osmosis what is the independent variable (change)
The independent variable is the concentration of the sucrose solution
50
What is the equation for percentage change in mass?
Percentage= final mass - starting mass. ———————————— x100 Starting Mass

Edexcel GCSE Biology - Foundation (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions