Cells and Kingdoms

Question 1

Eukaryotic

Answer 1

Organisms with cells that contain a nuclues

Question 2

Eukaryotic organisms

Answer 2

Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protoctists

Question 3

Plant Chracteristics

Answer 3

• multicellular
• contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis
• cellulose cell wall
• store carbohydrates as starch or glucose

Question 4

Plant Examples

Answer 4

cereal - maze

herbaceous legume - peas or beans

Question 5

Animal chracteristics

Answer 5

• Multicellular
• eat other living things to obtain nutrients
• store carbohydrates as glycogen
• nervous system for co-ordination and movement

Question 6

Animal Examples

Answer 6

Mammals - humans, elephants

Insects - mosquito, horsefly

Question 7

Fungi Chracteristics

Answer 7

• Multicellular and Unicellular
• No chloroplasts
• Mycelium - contains threads called hyphae
• Feed by saptrophic nutrition
• stores carbohydrates as glycogen
• can contain pathogens

Question 8

Saprotrophic Nutrition

Answer 8

• feed off dead organsims
• secretes emzymes whichb digests and absorbs nutrients

Question 9

Fungi Examples

Answer 9

Mucor/Mushrooms - multicellular with hyphal structure

Yeast - Single Celled

Question 10

Protoctista characteristics

Answer 10

• Microscopic single celled organisms
• Contain features from any kingdom
• Can contain pathogens

Question 11

Protoctista examples

Answer 11

Amoeba - live in pond water and has features of an animal cell

Chlorella - have chlorplasts and plant like features

Pathogenic Plasmodium - responsible for causing malaria

Question 12

Prokaryotic

Answer 12

Organisms with cells that do not contain a nucleus

Question 13

Prokaryotic Organims

Answer 13

Bacteria, Viruses

Question 14

Bacteria characteristics

Answer 14

• microscopic single celled organisms
• contains cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, plasmids
• circular DNA
• some photosysnthesise others use saprotrophic nutrition
• can contain pathogens

Question 15

Bacteria examples

Answer 15

Lactobacillus - rod shaped bacteria used in yogurt production

Pneumococcus - spherical bacteria that causes pneumonia

Question 16

Virus characteristics

Answer 16

• non-living
• smaller than bacteria
• can only reproduce by entering a host cell
• infect any organism
• strand of DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat
• All are pathogens

Question 17

Virus examples

Answer 17

Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) - prevents chloroplasts from growing = discoloured leaves

Influenza Virus - causes the flu and HIV that causes AID

Question 18

Cytoplasm

Answer 18

Chemical reactions occur

Living material, mostly consisting of water

Question 19

Nucleus

Answer 19

Contains DNA

Question 20

Cell Membrane

Answer 20

Selectively permeable - controls what enters and leaves

Creates a barrier between cytoplasm and outside of cell

Question 21

Cell Wall

Answer 21

Non-living material

Freely permeable

Question 22

Vacuole

Answer 22

Filled with water to hold its shape
Cell Sap - Contains dissolved minerals and other solutes

Question 23

Chloroplasts

Answer 23

Contains chlorphyll - absorbs light for photosynthesis

Question 24

Mitochondria

Answer 24

Site of aerobic repsiration

Question 25

Ribosomes

Answer 25

Site of proteinsynthesis

Question 26

Plant cells

Answer 26

Cell membrane, Cell wall, Nucleus, permanent vacuole, mitochondria, chlorplasts, ribosomes, cytoplasm

Question 27

Animal Cells

Answer 27

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nuclues, mitochondria, ribsomes

Question 28

Cells

Answer 28

Made up of a number of organelles which carry out specific processes to survive

Question 29

Plant cells when water enters - hypotonic solution

Answer 29

Turgid

Question 30

Plant cells in isotonic solution

Answer 30

Flaccid

Question 31

Plant cells when water moves out - hypertonic solution

Answer 31

Plasmolyzed

Question 32

Animal cells when water moves in - hypotonic solution

Answer 32

Lysed

Question 33

Animal cells in isotonic solution

Answer 33

Normal

Question 34

Animal cells when water moves in - Hypertonic solution

Answer 34

Shriveled