Co-ordination and Response

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Maintanence of internal conditions

Question 2

Ways to contorl body temperature

Answer 2

• Sweating
• Shivering
• controlling heat loss via radiation

Question 3

Sweating

Answer 3

• Sweat is released on the suface of skin
• Evaporation of sweat cools you down
• SHC of water is high - water absorbs lots of heat

Question 4

Shivering

Answer 4

• muscles contract more
• more respiration
• respiration is exothermic reaction - releases heat for warmth

Question 5

Hair Follicles

Answer 5

Cold:
- hair stands up
- traps a layer of air between hair and skin
- air is an insulator for conduction of heat

Hot:
- hair lies flat
- no layer of insulation between skin and air

Question 6

Tropism

Answer 6

The growth movement od a plant in response to a directional stimulus

Question 7

Positive phototrophic response

Answer 7

• Auxin is produced in the tip of the plant
• Sunlight destroys auxin
• More auxin on shady side of leaf
• Elongation of cells on shady side
• More growth on shady side
• Growth towards light

Question 8

Positive Geotropisim

Answer 8

Roots grown towards gravity - downwards

Question 9

Negative Geotropism

Answer 9

Shoots grown away from gravity - upwards

Question 10

Hormonal System

Answer 10

• Slow response
• chemical
• transported in bloodstream
• long lived response
• Acts on whole organ/organ system

Question 11

Nervous system

Answer 11

• Rapid response
• Electrical/nerve impulses
• Transported in neurones
• short lived response
• acts on specific organ

Question 12

Changes to body due to adreniline

Answer 12

• BR increases
• HR increases
• Pupil dilates
• Reactions are faster
• Sweating
• Fight or flight mode
• Body hairs stand up

Question 13

Adrenaline

Answer 13

Produced in Adrenal Gland

Fight or flight mode

Question 14

Testosterone

Answer 14

Produced in testses

Stimulates developemnt of male secondary sexual characteristics

Question 15

Oestrogen

Answer 15

Produced in ovaries

Builds uterus lining
Developement of female secondary characteristics

Question 16

Progesterone

Answer 16

Produced in ovaries

Maintains uterus lining
Development of female secondary characteristics

Question 17

Insulin

Answer 17

Produced in pancreas

Stored in the liver as glycogen

Controls the level of glucose in the blood

Question 18

Central Nervous System - CNS

Answer 18

consists of the brain and spinal cord

Question 19

Synapses

Answer 19

connection between one nerve cell and another

Question 20

Role of synapses

Answer 20

• electrical impulse travels along axon
• triggers a release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters
• chemicals diffuse across synapse
• to transmit electrical impulse

Question 21

Reflexes

Answer 21

automated actions which do not involve the brain

Question 22

Reflex arc

Answer 22

movement of the impulse from receptor to effector

Question 23

Response

Answer 23

• Stimulus
• Receptor
• Sensory Neurone
• Relay Neurone
• Motor Neurone
• Effector

Question 24

Sensory Neurone

Answer 24

Cell body in the middle

Carries impulse to the CNS

Question 25

Relay Neurone

Answer 25

Carry impulse within CNS

Question 26

Motor Neuroen

Answer 26

Cell body is at start/end Carry impulse away from CNS

Question 27

Reaction to hot object

Answer 27

Stimulus - increase in temperature Receptor - skin detects heat Impulses are transferred by neuratransmiters across symnapses Sensory neurone to relay neurone Relay neurone to motor Neurone Morot neurone to effector Effector - muscles which contract to move away from hot object

Question 28

The Eye

Answer 28

Sensory organ which detects light and sends an impulse to the brain converting information to image

Question 29

Conjuctivita

Answer 29

Mucus membrane that protects eye from infection

Question 30

Cornea

Answer 30

Curved transparent disc

Question 31

Pupil

Answer 31

circular opening

Question 32

suspensory ligaments

Answer 32

strong fibres which attach the lens to the ciliary muscle

Question 33

Retina

Answer 33

contains light sensitive cells called rods and cones

Question 34

ciliary muscle

Answer 34

ring of muscle at the edge of the eye

Question 35

optic nerve

Answer 35

consists of neurones which carry impulses from retina to brain

Question 36

Iris

Answer 36

controls the amount of light enetering the eye by changing the size of the pupil

Question 37

Dim Light

Answer 37

- pupil dialtes (widens) - radial muscles contract - circular muslces relax

Question 38

Bright Light

Answer 38

- pupil constricts (narrow) - circular muscles contract - radial muscles relax

Question 39

Accomodation - focusing

Answer 39

chandes that take palce in the eye in order to see objects at different distances

Question 40

Focusing on distant object

Answer 40

- The ciliary muscles relax and flatten - Suspensory ligaments are pulled tight - Lens is pulled thinner - less convex - Light rays are refracted less

Question 41

Focusing on nearby object

Answer 41

- The ciliary muscles contract and bulge - Suspensory ligaments loosen - Lens returns to fatter shape - more convex - Light rays refracted more

Question 42

The blind spot

Answer 42

one area of the retina where an image cannot be formed

Question 43

Type 1 Diabities

Answer 43

When the body cant make enough/any insulin Born with it

Question 44

Type 2 Diabities

Answer 44

Your body can produce insulin but does not respond to it aswell because of poor diet or lifestyle

Question 45

Treatment for Type 1 Diabities

Answer 45

Insulin Injections Controlling amount of glucose you consume - lots can be dangerous

Question 46

Treatment for type 2 diabities

Answer 46

Improving lifestyle - more exercise and better diet