Cells Mayuran Flashcards
eukaryotic cells
membrane bound organelles and ribosomes are
plants fungi
nucleus
largest organelle in a cell surrounded by a nuclear envelope that has nuclear pores
contains genetic material necessary for controlling cells function
this is a dense area known as the nucleolus where ribosomes are manufactured
RRNA
ribsosonal RNA
Cell surface membrane structure
found on the surrrfce of animal cells and just inside the cell wall of plant cells
made up of a phohpolipid bilayer with carrier and channel proteins within it
function of cell surface membrane
its function is to regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell it contains receptor molecules which allow it to respond to hormones such as insulin
the mitochondria
oval shaped organelle with a double membrane
the inner membrane is folded into structure known as cristae
inner area is known as the matrix and contains the enzymes needed for aerobic respiration which produces ATP
Chloroplasts
are flattened structured found in plant and algal cells
they are surrounded by a double membrane
they have an internal system of membranes known as thylakoids which are stacked to form structures called grana
these are linked by a lamellae
the function of the chloroplast is to carry out photosynthesis
Golgi apparatus
consist of a series of flattened sacs surrounded by a membrane
vesicles are pinched off from the sacs its function is to process ad package molecules such as proteins and lipids
its also forms lysosomes
lysosomes contain digestive enzyme called lysosomes used to digest invading pathogens
endoplasmic reticulum
can be rough with ribosomes or smooth
ser
synthesises and processes lipids
rer
folds and processes proteins for transport around the cell
ribosomes
are nor surrounded by a membrane
made of protein and RNA and are site of protein synthesis
cell wall
rigid structure that surrounds plants algal and fungi; cells
support the cell and prevents it from changing shape
cell walls can be made of cellulose muezzin or chitin
vacuole
membrane bound organelle found in plants cells
it contains a solution of sugar and salt known as sap
the vacuole helps to maintain pressure inside the cell and helps in getting rid of waste chemicals
How are specialised cells organised
Organised into tissues,organs,organ systems
