Cells & Organs Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest unit of life. All living things are made of cells.
What are the main parts of an animal cell?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria.
What does the nucleus do?
It controls the cell and contains DNA.
What does the cytoplasm do?
It’s a jelly-like fluid where chemical reactions happen.
What does the cell membrane do?
It controls what goes in and out of the cell.
What do mitochondria do?
They release energy from food by respiration. Proteinsynthesis happens here.
What’s different about plant cells?
They have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a vacuole, which animal cells don’t have.
What does the cell wall do?
It gives the plant cell strength and shape.
What do chloroplasts do?
They carry out photosynthesis using sunlight to make food.
What does the vacuole do?
It stores cell sap and helps keep the cell firm.
What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells working together.
What is an organ?
A group of different tissues working together to do a job.
What is an organ system?
A group of organs working together, like the digestive or respiratory system.
What is a unicellular organism?
An organism made of only one cell, like bacteria.
What is a multicellular organism?
An organism made of many cells, like humans, plants, and animals.
How are cells specialized?
Cells are shaped and built for their job — for example, a nerve cell is long to carry signals.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is when particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration, like oxygen into a cell.
What is respiration?
Respiration is when cells release energy from glucose, usually using oxygen.
What’s the difference between respiration and breathing?
What organelles are in both plant and animal cells?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria.
What organelles are only in plant cells?
Cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole.
Name one example of an organ system.
The digestive system — breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
