Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are bones for?
Support, Movement, Protection, Blood production & Storage
What does a hinge joint do?
It bends in one direction
Where are hinge joints found?
Elbow, Knee
What does a ball & socket joint do?
It moves in many directions
Where are ball & socket joints found?
Shoulder, Hip
What does a pivot joint do?
It rotates
Where are pivot joints found?
Neck (between skull & spine)
What does a fixed joint do?
It doesn’t move
Where are fixed joints found?
The skull
What does a gliding joint do?
It slides or twists
Where are gliding joints found?
Wrists, Ankles
How do bones move?
Muscles are attached to bones by tendons. Muscles contract (shorten) to pull on bones. Muscles work in antagonistic pairs: one contracts while the other relaxes. Biceps contract → elbow bends. Triceps contract → elbow straightens.
What are synovial joints, and what do they do?
Most movable joints in your body are synovial joints. These have:
Synovial fluid, Cartilage, Ligaments, & a Joint capsule. All that together keeps your joints protected while still letting them move smoothly.
What is synovial fluid?
A slippery, egg-white-like liquid found inside synovial joints.
What does synovial fluid do?
Lubricates the joint to reduce friction between the bones, nourishes the cartilage (cartilage has no blood supply, so this is how it gets nutrients), & acts as a shock absorber, helping protect the joint from impact.
What is cartilage?
It is a smooth, rubbery tissue covering the ends of bones where they meet in a joint.
What does cartilage do?
It prevents bones from grinding against each other, distributes weight across the joint, reducing stress on any one point, and is flexible but strong, helping the joint handle bending and pressure.
What are ligaments?
Tough bands of connective tissue that connect bone to bone.
What do ligaments do?
It holds joints together and keeps the bones in proper alignment. It also controls the range of motion, preventing joints from bending too far or dislocating.
What are tendons?
Transfers the force from the muscle to the bone to make movement happen, & helps keep muscles and bones working as a team.
What is a joint capsule?
A tough outer shell surrounding the entire joint.
What do joint capsules do?
Holds everything in place (synovial fluid, cartilage, bones, etc.), protects the joint from outside damage, & maintains pressure inside the joint for fluid to work properly.
What are the different types of muscle?
Skeletal (attached to the bones), Cardiac (is is at the heart), Smooth (it is at the organs, like the guts, etc.)
What do skeletal muscles do?
Moves your body
