Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

eukaryotic cell organelle in which aerobic cellular respiration occurs

Question 2

Glycolysis

Answer 2

a process for harnessing energy in which a glucose molecule is broken into two pyruvate molecules in the cytoplasm of a cell

Question 3

Pyruvate Oxidation

Answer 3

to move pyruvate (glycolysis end product) from cytosol to the inner mitochondrion membrane

Question 4

Kreb Cycle

Answer 4

cyclic series of reactions that transfers energy from organic molecules to ATP, NADH, and FADH2 and removes carbon atoms as CO2

Question 5

ETC

Answer 5

series of membrane associated protein complexes and cytochromes that transfer energy to an electrochemical gradient by pumping H+ ions into an inter-membrane space

Question 6

Chemiosmosis

Answer 6

process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme

Question 7

ATP

Answer 7

Adenosine Triphosphate

• a molecule composed of ribose, the nitrogenous base adenine, and three phosphate groups
• used by cells to store energy obtained from food until it is needed for other cell processes

Question 8

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 8

respiration without oxygen; the process uses a respiratory electron transport chain but does not use oxygen as the electron acceptors

Question 9

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 9

respiration uses oxygen

Question 10

Coenzyme (NADH, FADH2)

Answer 10

• flavin adenine dinucleotide, or FADH2, is a redox cofactor that is created during the Krebs cycle and utilized during the last part of respiration (the electron transport chain)
• nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or NADH, is a similar compound and used more actively in the electron transport chain as well