Central Nervous System Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the 3 meninges the CNS is covered by?
Dura mater (hard outer layer) Arachnoid membrane (cushioning) Pia mater (soft inner layer)
What are the meninges of the CNS?
3 layers of protective tissue:
- Dura mater
- Arachnoid membrane
- Pia mater
What is in the centre of the spinal cord:
grey or white matter?
Grey matter
What is contained in white matter of the spinal cord?
Nerve axons
What is contained in grey matter of the spinal cord?
Neuron cell bodies and axons
Where is the dorsal horn grey matter found?
Dorsal horn or posterior part of spinal cord
Where is the ventral horn grey matter found?
Ventral horn or anterior part of the spinal cord
What matter are the cell bodies of sensory neurones found in?
The dorsal horn / posterior part
What matter are the cell bodies of motor neurones found in?
The ventral horn / anterior part
In what 2 regions of the spinal cord are there greater amounts white matter?
Why
Cervical and thoracic
They are closer to the brain and so there are many nerve axons from all over the body coming toward the brain.
In what 2 regions of the spinal cord are there greater amounts of grey matter?
Lumbar and sacral
Is the dorsal root:
- sensory or motor
- anterior or posterior
Sensory
Posterior
Is the ventral root:
- sensory or motor
- anterior or posterior
Motor
Anterior
Where is the grey matter in the brain?
On the outside
What is on the inside of the brain:
white or grey matter?
White matter
What is on the outside of the brain:
white or grey matter?
Grey matter
What are the 3 portions of the brain?
- Forebrain
- Midbrain
- Hindbrain
What portion of the brain are the cerebrum and diencephalon in?
The forebrain
What portion of the brain are the pons, medulla, and cerebellum in?
The hindbrain
What functions is the midbrain involved in?
Visual and audio reflexes
Pain control
What functions is the hindbrain involved in?
Regulation of heart rate and breathing.
Control of posture and balance.
What 2 regulatory structures are present in the diencephalon? What are their functions?
What portion of the brain is the diencephalon in?
Thalamus - sensory processing
Hypothalamus - controls homeostasis and hormone production.
In the forebrain.
What is the function of the cerebrum?
Memory and emotions
What kind of matter is present in the cerebral cortex?
Grey matter
