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CMS II > Central/ Southern Italy > Flashcards

Central/ Southern Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

How many DOCG are in Tuscany?

A

11!

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2
Q

What is the general climate of Tuscany?

A
  • Dry/ Mediterranean
  • Lots of mesoclimates
    • can be arid in places higher up
    • Can be VERY HOT
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3
Q

What is the straw bottle associated with Tuscany called?

A

A Fiasco. Used to reinforce weak glass.

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4
Q

What does a “gallo negro” represent?

A
  • A black chicken on the neck signifies Chianti Classico
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5
Q

Where is the Bolgheri DOC, and what wines are most associated with this appellation?

A
  • Tuscany
  • Here, Sassicaia gets its own DOC, it’s THAT important
    • DOC Bolgheri Sassicaia
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6
Q

What is the soil in Chianti Classico?

A
  • Galesto
    • located more in the Northern part
    • Richer soil
    • like granite, but when it rains it brittles and crumbles
    • Acidic soil
  • Alberese
    • GIANT white sand stones that doen’t crumble
    • Similar to the soil in Jerez
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7
Q

What river influences the climate in Chianti?

A
  • The Arno
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8
Q

Name some producers of Chianti Classico

A
  • Volpaia
  • Castello di Ama
  • Felsina
  • Isole e Olena
  • Banfi
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9
Q

What grapes are allowed in the Chianti DOCG? What changed in 1996?

A
  • 70-90% Sangiovese
  • Trebbiano Toscana + Malvasia
  • Max. 15% Cabernet Sauv + international varietals

***1996, white grapes are now OPTIONAL, wines may be 100% Sangiovese

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10
Q

What are the min. alcohol levels for Chianti DOCG?

A
  • Normale
    • 11.5%
  • Superiore
    • 12%
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11
Q

What are the ageing requirements in Chianti DOCG?

A
  • Normale
    • released March 1st. after harvest
      • 5 mo, give or take. (harvest is roughly October)
  • Riserva
    • 2 years
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12
Q

When was Chianti originaly delimited, and when did it become a DOCG?

A
  • 1716!
    • Original delimitation - classico (but at the time, just called Chianti)
    • Under Cosimo III de’Medici - the grand duke of Tuscany
  • 1932
    • Italian Government expanded the Area and created the 7 subzones
  • 1984
    • Becomes a DOC/G, and establishes where the Classico region is.
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13
Q

What are the subzones of Chianti DOCG?

A
  • Classico
    • Largest = 7,000 ha (bigger than Bordeaux)
  • Colli Arentini
  • Colli Fiorentini
  • Colline Pisane
  • Colli Senesi
    • 2nd Largest = 3,500 ha
  • Montalbano
  • Rufina
    • other than Classico, the most reputed
  • Montespertoli
    • added in 1997 decree
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14
Q

What is the blend of Chianti Classico DOCG?

A
  • Modern
    • 80-100% Sangiovese
    • 0-20% Other black varietals
      • Cannaiolo Nero, Colorino, Cab Sauv, Merlot

**** As of 2006, WHITE VARIETALS ARE PROHIBITED!!!

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15
Q

T /F Before 2006, you could find Malvasia and Trebbiano in a Chianti Classico Blend?

A
  • True! Before 2006, white varietals were allowed. This year marks them no longer being allowed in the blend. The law also allowed for 100% varietal wine in Chianti Classico.
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16
Q

What is the min. alcohol in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A
  • Normale
    • 12%
  • Riserva
    • 12.5%
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17
Q

What are the ageing requirements in Chianti Classico DOCG?

A
  • Normale
    • 12 months
  • Riserva
    • 24 months + 12.5% min. alcohol
  • Gran Selezione
    • 30 months
    • MUST be estate fruit
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18
Q

Name two clones of Sangiovese and where they are found

A
  • Brunello
    • Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
  • Prugnolo Gentille
    • Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
  • Montepulciano
  • Morellino
  • Pignolo
  • Sangioveto
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19
Q

What is they typical blend in Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A
  • 100% Sangiovese Grosso
    • Locally known as “brunello”
  • No other varieties allowed
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20
Q

Who discovered the brunello clone?

A
  • Clementi Santi
    • local farmer
    • Grandson Ferrucio Biondi-Santi made the first modern Brunello bottling.
    • onyl produced 4 vintages over the next 60 yrs.
      • first = 1888
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21
Q

What are the ageing requirements in Brunello di Montalcino?

A
  • Normale
    • Min. 2 yrs in barrel, 4 mo in bottle
    • May not be released until 5th year after harvest
      • (5 yrs total)
  • Riserva
    • Min. 2 yrs in barrel, 6 mo in bottle
    • May not be released until the 6th year after harvest
      • (6 yrs total)
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22
Q

Name 2 Brunello Producers

A
  • Biondi-Santi
    • the original
  • Castello Banfi
    • the largest producer
  • Valdicava
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23
Q

Tasting notes for Chianti

A
  • Color
    • med ruby
  • Nose
    • cherry, strawberry, plum, cloves and herbs
      • with age: tealeaves, tobacco, and leather
      • French oak on top examples
  • Palate
    • Body = med
    • Acidity = high
    • Alcohol = med
    • Tannins = firm
    • Finish = notes of bitter almonds. DRY.

*** Can be confused with CNdP in blind tastings

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24
Q

Compared with Chianti, what is the tasting profile of Brunello?

A
  • Brunello is darker and richer, more full bodied, tannic and alcoholic, and more complex.
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25
What was the first DOCG in Italy?
* Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
26
What does "Brunello" mean in italian?
"Little Brown one"
27
What kind of wine is produced in Rosso di Montalcino DOC?
* Brunello based reds * "baby brunello" * Many producers make second label under this category * Valdicava, Biondi-Santi, etc.
28
What is the blend of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?
* Min. 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo clone) * All other tuscan Varieties allowed * Max. 5% white grape varietals
29
What type of wine is made in Montepulciano d'Abruzzo? How does the wine differ to that of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?
* Montepulciano d'Abruzzo * made from the Montepulciano Grape * Vino Nobile * 70% Sangiovese (prugnolo) * 30% Cannaiolo + colorino and mamol
30
What wine region surrounds Florence?
Tuscany!
31
What is Vin Santo? Where do you find it?
* "Holy Wine" * Aber colored dessert wine. * Type of Passito wine made in several regions, but particularly associated with Tuscany. * Means "dried grape wine" in Italian * Prominent style: * blend= Trebbiano + Malvasia * produced in the Chianti Classico Area
32
How were Super Tuscan's created?
* Producers began experimenting with international varietals- especially the Bordeaux varietals. * Wanted to create something special and new
33
What is the first Super Tuscan, and who made it?
* Sassicaia! * Tenuto San Guido estate * Marchese Mario Incisa della Rochetta * 1968 * Became own DOC in 1994 * Blend * 85% Cab * 15% Cab Franc * Aged in NFO for 2 years * 18,000 cases per year
34
Which famous winemaker is related to Marchese Mario Incisa della Rochetta?
* Piero Antinori of Tignanello! * Nephew
35
Tignanelo
* Originally made by Pierro Antinori * Facts * the first Sangiovese aged in barriques * the first commercial tuscan blended with nontraditional grapes (cabernet suav and franc) * one of the first in the chianti classico region that didn't use white grapes! * Blend * Mostly Sangiovese * small % Cab Sauv/ Cab Franc
36
What Super Tuscans does Antinori own now?
* Tignanello - located in Chianti * 80% Sangiovese * 15% Cab Sauv * 5% Cab Franc * Solaia - Located in Chianti * 75% Cab Sauv * 20% Sangiovese * 5% Cab Franc * Guada al Tasso - Located in Bolgheri DOC * 50-60% Cab Sauv * 30-40% Merlot * The rest = Cab Franc * until 2007 was Syrah * modeled after rich, powerful wines of Australia \*\*\* Ornellaia was started by Marchese Lodovico Antinori, but now run by Frescobaldi Firm. \*\*\* Masetto as well.
37
Ornellaia
* Started by Marchese Lodovico Antinori (Piero's Brother) * now owned by Frescobaldi Firm * Blend: * Cab Sauv. * Merlot * Cab Franc * Petit Verdot * Aged in 70% NFO for 18 mo. * BORDEAUX BLEND * Entry Level wine = Le Volte * aged in cement tanks and french oak originally used for Ornellaia * 2nd Label = La Serre Nuove * young vines that will eventually be used for Ornellaia
38
Masseto
* Started by Marchese Lodovico Antinori * now owned by Frescobaldi * 100% Merlot!!!!! * Like Petrus * Soil * 7ha on special blue clay soil
39
Le Pergole Torte
* Made by Montevertine (Chianti Classico region) * Founded by Sergio Manetti * 1981 - one of the first Super Tuscans * 100% Sangiovese * Labels change every year (like Mouton) * artist = Alberto Manfredi
40
Luce Della Vite "Toscana IGP"
* Started as a joint venture with Robert Mondavi * Owned by Frescobaldi * Blend * 45% Sangiovese * 55% Merlot * Aged 2 yrs in 85% NFO barriques
41
Ca' Marcanda
* Angelo Gaja's Estate! * Translates to "the house of endless negotiations" * a reference to the 18 trips it took Gaja to negociate his purchase in Tuscany. * Soil * The terre brune, rich in loam and clay, is the source for Magari and Promis. * Wines * _"Magari"_ * Merlot, Cab Sauv, Cab Franc. * Aged in oak 1 yr. * magari = "Maybe" * _"Promis"_​ * Merlot, Syrah, Sangiovese * Aged in oak 1 yr.
42
What kind of wine is Umbria most associated with?
* Sagrantino di Montefalco! * 100% Sagrantino * massive high alcohol * massively tannic wines
43
Which region will you find Arnaldo Caprai?
* Umbria * Sagratino di Montefalco
44
Name the landlocked regions of Italy
* Umbria * Basilicata * Piedmont * Lombardy * Trentino-Alto Adige * Valle d'Aosta
45
Other than Sagratino di Montefalco, what else is Umbria known for?
* Orvieto Classico DOC * Blend of Grecheto, Trebbiano Toscano and other white varieties. * often made by botrytis affected grapes * sweet and semi-sweet styles can still be found.
46
Which region in Italy surrounds Rome?
* Lazzio
47
What is the most prominent grape in Marches?
* Verdecchio * goes into still, sparkling and straw wines * best: * Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG * Verdicchio di Jesi Riservea DOCG
48
What wines are most associated with Abruzzo?
* Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC * Trebbiano d'Abruzzo DOC
49
What is the standout DOCG for Montepulciano in Abruzzo?
* Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG * makes inky black wines, rich and powerful, yet subtle and complex.
50
What tourist areas are located in Campania?
* Naples * Amalfi coast * Mt. Vesuvius
51
What are the notable grapes in Campania?
* Red: * Aglianico * the noble grape of the south * Primativo * Piedaroso * White * Falanghina * Grecco di Tuffo * Fiano di Avellino
52
What is the soil in Campania?
* Volcanic tufa soils * calcerous clay, blanketed with volcanic ash from eruptions of Mt. Vesuvius.
53
What is Turasi DOCG known for, and where is it located?
* Located in Campania, in the hills of Avellino * Known for powerful Aglianico red wines. * Mastroberardino!
54
What is the croatian Name for Zinfandel? The Italian?
* Italian: * Primitivo * Croatian: * Crljenak Kastelanski
55
What grapes are found in Puglia?
* Primitivo * Negroamaro * "black and bitter"
56
What is the climate in Puglia?
* HOT and DRY * Moderated by sea breezes, especially on the Saento Peninsula to the S * mostly flat. * one of the flattest regions in Italy * GREAT for bulk wine and distillation
57
Other than Campania, where do you find Aglianico?
* Basilicata * Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG * also volacanic soils!
58
Which seas surround Italy?
* Adriatic to E * Ionion to S * (beneath the boot) * Tyrrhenian sea * (between soccer ball and foot) * Mediterranean Sea to the W
59
In which region do you find Mt. Etna?
* Sicily!
60
What region in Italy is responsible for Marsala production?
* Sicily!
61
Name one Marsala producer
* Marco de Bartoli
62
What style of wine is being made in Etna DOC?
* Nerello Macalese * fresh and delicate, mineral, inviting comparsion with Brugundy or Barolo.
63
Who discovered Marsala in the 1700s?
* Brittish wine merchant, John Woodhouse * he was the first to fortify the wine to make it back home * struggled to find its place in the market with Port, Madeira and Sherry to compete with. * Now most famous as cooking wine.
64
Does Sicily make Passito wines?
* YES! * Made from Moscato (zibbio or muscat of alexandria) and Malvasia * Moscato di Pantelleria DOC * legend = wine had such character, it duped the gods (Appollo) into thinking he was drinking ambrosia * ambrosia = a beverage reserved for the gods that bestowed imortality.
65
What is the signature grape variety of Sicily?
* Nero d'Avola * compared to New world Shiraz * Also known for Nero Mascalese
66
What grape varities will you find in Sardinia?
* Lots of Spanish Varietals * White * Vermentino!!! * Malvasia * Vernaccia * Red * Cannonau (Garnacha) * Carignano (Carinena/ Carignan)
67
What is the only white wine DOCG in Tuscany?
* Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG
68
How many DOCG are in Tuscany?
* 11 DOCG * _"Sangiovese" DOCGs_ * Brunello di Montalcino * 100% Sangiovese * Carmignano * Sangiovese Blend * Chianti * Sangiovese Blend * Chianti Classico * 80% sangiovese blend * Montecucco Sangiovese * Sangiovese * Morellino di Scansano * Sangiovese * Rosso della Val di Cornia * Sangiovese Blend * Vino Nobile di Montepulciano * Sangiovese * * _Other Variety DOCGs_ * Suvereto * Cab Sauv/ Merlot blend * Veraccia di San Giminano * 100% Vernaccia * Elba Aleatico Passito * 100% Aleatico
69
How many DOCGs are in Umbria?
* 2 * Montefalco Sagrantino * 100% Sagrantino * Torgiano Rosso Riserva * Sangiovese Blend
70
How many DOCGs are in Lazio?
* 3 * Cesanese del Piglio * Malvasia blend * Frascati Superiore * Malvasia Blend * Canellino di Frascati * Cesanese red wines (ancient roman wine)
71
How many DOCG are in Le Marche?
* 5 * Conero * Montepulciano w/ Sangiovese * Vernaccia di Serrapetrona * Vernaccia Nera * Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva * Verdicchio * Verdicchio di Castelli di Jesi Riserva * Verdicchio * Offida * Passerina (w), Pecorino (w) or Montepulciano (r) wines.
72
How many DOCG are in Abruzzo?
* 2 * Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Colline Teramane * Montepulciano * Tullum (terre tollesi) !!!!!!! * upgraded from DOC in 2019\*\*\*\*\* * Varietal Passernia & Pecorino * Montepulciano (Rosso) * Spumante * chard/ other whites.
73
How many DOCG are in Molise?
* 0 * TRICK QUESTION, BITCH
74
How many DOCGs are in Puglia?
* 4 * Castel del Monte Bombino Nero * Bombino Nero * Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva * Nero di Troia * Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva * Nero di Troia blend * Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Natruale * 100% Primitivo
75
How many DOCGs are in Campania?
* 4 * Fiano di Avellino * Fiano/ Trebbiano * Greco di Tufo * Greco * Turasi * Aglianico * Aglianico del Taburno * Aglianico
76
How many DOCGs are in Basilicata?
* 1 * Aglianico del Vulture Superiore * 100% Aglianico
77
How many DOCGs are in Calabria?
* 0 * TRICK QUESTION, BITCH
78
How many DOCGs are in Sicily?
* 1 * Cerasuolo di Vittoria * Nero d'Avolo / Frappato
79
How many DOCGs are in Sardinia?
* 1 * Vermentino di Gallura * Vermentino
80
Which regions in Italy of 0 DOCGs?
* Valle d'Aosta * Liguira * Trentino-Alto Adige * Molise * Calabria
81
What are the grapes in Umbria?
* White * Grechetto * Trebbiano Toscano * Red * Sagrantino * Sangiovese
82
What grapes do you find in Les Marches?
* White * Verdicchio is KING * Red * Sangiovese * Montepulciano * Vernaccia
83
What grapes do you find in Abruzzo?
* White * Trebbiano * Red * Montepulciano !!!!!
84
What are Rose wines made from montepulciano called? Where will you find these?
* Cerasuolo * cherry red color roses * Found in Abruzzo
85
What are the grapes in Lazio?
* White * Trebbiano * Malvasi * Red * Cesanese
86
What are the grapes in Molise?
* White * Trebbiano * Red * Aglianico * Montepulciano
87
What are the grapes of Campania?:
* White * Falanghina * Grecco di Tuffo * Fiano di Avellino * Red * Aglianico * Piedaroso * Primativo
88
What are the grapes of Puglia?
* White * Bombino Bianco * Red * Negroamaro!!!!! * "Black and bitter" * Nero di Troia (Uva Rara) * Malvasia Nera * Primitivo!!!!!
89
What are the grapes of Basilicata?
* Red * Aglianico!!
90
What are the grapes of Calabria?
* White * Greco * Red * Gaglioppo
91
What are the grapes of Sicily?
* White * Cattaro * Inzolia * Grecianico * Carricante * Grillo * Zibibbo (Muscat of Alexandria) * Malvasia * Red * International * Syrah * Cab Sauv * Native * Nero d'Avola * Frappato * Perricone * Nerelo Mascalese * Nerello Cappuccio
92
What grapes are used in Marsala production?
* Oro/Ambra * Grillo * Ansonica * Catarratto * Damaschino * Rubino * Perricone * Calabrese (Nero d'Avola) * Nerello Mascalese
93
What are the grapes on Sardinia?

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